; § 
398 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. me no 
early in the spring. Such beds should be mulched during the 
winter. SU 
In the vegetable garden the celery should be kept well banked up 
until taken in, or else it should be well covered with good mulch to 
protect from severe frosts. 
Root crops should be out of the ground by the 20th of this month 
and stored either in pits in the field or put into a rootcellar. Itisa 
good plan in preparing the root cellar for storage, after cleaning it 
out to burn enough sulphur to fill the air thoroughly with its fumes. 
This destroys many of the rot-producing germs and aids some kinds 
of vegetables in keeping. 
It is important to gather squash before there is any danger of its 
being frosted ever so little, and it is well to remember in storing 
squash that it needs a dry place, and that it does not make so much 
difference about being warm as being dry. A very hot room will 
keep squash in good condition if it is kept dry, while if moist it 
cannot be kept at any temperature. 
If the weeds along the headlands and highways have not been 
cut the latter part of this month, there will bea little spare time 
when such things should be done. While there may not apparently 
be any money in it, yet it gives an appearance of tidiness and thrift 
that has a helpful effect. 
ARTIFICIAL FOGS.—The newest method of protecting orange or- - 
chards against frosts, consists in creating an artificial fog, which 
overhangs the trees and keeps them from harm. It is a fact familiar 
enough that there is no danger from frost ona cloudy night; the 
clouds prevent the rapid radiation of heat from the earth, and thus 
serve as a sort of blanket. A fog, which is an earth cloud, serves 
the same purpose. 
The orange growers of California have found out a way of making 
fogs by artifice. They can create them at any time within a few 
minutes. If the night starts in clear and cold, with prospects of 
frost, the fog-making machines are turned on, and very soon the 
orchard is enshrouded in a deep mist. Thus protected, the trees 
can defy even a severe frost, which under ordinary circumstances 
would destroy all expectation of a crop. 
The orchard provided with the fog-making device is underlaid by 
a system of small pipes that carry water; connected with these are 
perpendicular pipes, which rise to a height of forty feet in the air, 
There are 100 of these perpendicular pipes in every ten acres of 
trees. At the top of each tall pipe are a couple of “cyclone nozzles,” 
which discharge the water in.a fine spray in an upward direction. 
All that is required is that the water should be turned on and the 
air is charged with a fine, fog-like mist. 
All the underground pipes in the orchard unite in one common 
supply pipe, which passes through the house of the watchman in 
charge. At any time when the temperature sinks to freezing point 
the watchman, by opening the cock of the supply pipe, can at once 
turn on the water to all the pipes and spray nozzles. The result is 
a thick fog, thrown by 100 cyclone nozzles over the entire ten acres. 
The mist soon fills the air to a height of forty-five feet,and any 
breeze drifts it about like a bank of fog. 
In connection with the apparatus is analarm thermometer. When 
the temperature in the orchard falls to 32° an electric circuit is com- 
pleted and an alarm wakes up the watchman. Without delay he 
turns on the fog and then goes to bed, geatisfied that the orchard is 
safe.—N. Y. Journal. 
