414 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. S 
develop as fast as they will, but turn the runners in so your rows 
will be about three feet wide, leaving a walk between rows. Early 
in the fall cover with a mulch of manure, and should the ground be 
solidily frozen you need not fear the depth. However, if it is covered 
with manure that is partially rotted and not at a greater depth than 
three or four inches, leaving no vines in sight, they need no further 
attention till after blossoming time, for this mulch will be so disin- 
tegrated by the winter frosts and spring rains that the vines will 
come freely through it. Should weeds appear, one good, thorough 
plucking would probably do till after picking, at which time the 
beds should be mown clean, and if not in vicinity of bushes or trees 
that would injure the old mulch can be stirred up light, and the 
whole burned on a day when there is a good breeze. If where they 
cannot be burned, use a disk harrow or cultivator and cut all out 
except about one foot in width at each row. Cultivate thoroughly 
the spaces between, and you have a good chance for a good bed for 
another year. 
The next to come in fruit after the strawberry are the blackcap and 
red raspberries. To insure a good crop and safety to the bushes 
they should be laid down over winter, but as most of my farmer 
friends are inclined to think that only an expert can doit and are 
apt to neglect it, I would advise planting only the hardier kinds,and 
what those kinds are is a good subject for discussion by this meet- 
ing. Plant in long rows, mulch thoroughly and cultivate in the 
spring till fruit sets and commences to ripen; keep the hills downto 
six or eight goodstalks. Inthe spring clip off about one-fourth to 
to one-third of the preyious year’s growth and see what an immense 
amount of comfort you and your family will get from a small patch 
of ground. 
Of these small fruits put in enough so you will have all you want 
in a poor year, and in case it provesa good year let the children 
pick and sell the surplus. You will be surprised at the result. 
In the proper place I should have said plant your raspberries in 
rows about six feet apart and about four feet apartin the row. 
Do not fail to have a few hills of good gooseberries. Probably 
you will get more comfort out of these in a series of years than any- 
thing you plant. Feed them well and mulch them so as to keep the 
grass out and the roots cool, and they will yield you lots of fruit for 
sauce, pies or canning. The old reliable Houghton is one of the 
safest for this climate, though a rather small berry. 
About this time your summer apples will commence to attract 
your attention—but I will leave this subject till later. 
At this time your plums should be giving you delight, especially 
if you have set some of the early along with the late. Cheney and 
Forest Garden are probably among the best early ones, and one 
should not fail in having a fewofthese. Ofthe good late ones,their 
number is legion, and without doubt all possess merit in especial 
locations, but the one best adapted to all locations and all soils is 
probably the Desota, an inordinate bearer and ready for business 
every year unless cut by late spring frosts. If you wish variety you 
should try Rollingstone, Rockford, Wolf, Wyant, and many others 
could be named. 
