248 Transactions of the 



ferred rather than undertake the examination for ourselves ; or else 

 we are disposed to rest satisfied with their general aspects. 



Occasionally, however, startled by something overlooked, or by 

 new and imposing views, there is risk of being carried away by 

 the stream of novelty while waiting for extended evidence. Hence 



Fig. 13. — Fragment of a scale of an Indian butterfly — Terias Jlecuba, Ind. China — 

 slightly charred, showing the outer framework and membrane, x 1600. 

 14. — Beaded chromatic appearance of part of Fig. 17, well charred, x 1600. 

 15. — Part of the same scale as Fig. 18, sliowing the longitudinal ribs, the 

 transverse bars and the oblique attachments, which give rise to the 

 marked wavy " Test scale " aspect. This figure has been roughly 

 enlarged for showing artificially the production of beads by inter- 

 ference. — ViJe photographs. X 1600. 

 j^ 16. — The direction of the incident light altered, the scale now furnishing the 

 pseudo-beaded appearance at the jimctions and interspaces, x 1600. 

 17. — A torrefied scale from the body of the same insect, T. Hecuba, showing a 

 marked resemblance to some of the scales of Lepidocyrtus curvicollis, 

 X 500. 

 j^ 18. — A long scale from the body of the same butterfly, well charred, showing 

 the "notes" and transverse bars ("strise") simulating the "Test 

 scale," X 500. 

 19. — A body scale from the same insect still more torrefied, throwing the 

 longitudinal ribs into somewhat irregular lines, very much resembling 

 Mr. Mclntire's figure, Dr. Woodward's and my own photographs of 

 Degeeria domestica (^Seira domestica, Lubbock), x 500. 

 20. — A scale highly iridescent and of some substance from near the shoulder 



of the wing of the large China moth ( ? Attacus cynthia), x 230. 

 21. — A portion of the same scale, showing pseudo-beads in the longitudinal 



ribs and interspaces, x 1000. 

 22. — From the same scale near the tip, showing the framework and mem- 

 branes, X 1000. 

 23. — A fragment from a similar scale of the large China moth producing two 

 sets of pseudo-beads, one on either side of the long rib, with a dark 

 shadow on one side, x 1000. 

 ^j 24. — The same portion of the scale as Fig. 23, showing the framework of longi- 

 tudinal ribs and transverse bars, x 1000. 

 25. — A fi-agment of a scale from the wing of the same moth, showing the 

 inner membrane and pigmentary deposit, the transverse bars (" striae ") 

 and (middle or) outer membrane with a portion of the oblique at- 

 tachments, X 2625. 



(On some scales the pigment layer apparently covered the transverse 

 bars.) 

 jj 26. — A coarse scale of Lepidocyrtus curvicollis, seen under different aspects. 



a. The under surface, first ocus, showing the longitudinal ribs somewhat 



bent and depressed, marked faintly with transverse markings. 

 6, The same focussed rather more deeply, producing the beaded 

 appearance of the rib. 



c, The same part, the focus carried a little deeper, giving rise to 



apparently elongated depressions, with the shadows on the same 

 side as in a. 



d, The same portion under a still deeper focus, producing a dark, 



cellular arrangement with bright edges. 



The illumination remained unchanged in these foiu- figures. 



e, The scale, incident light and focus altered from «, 6, c, cZ, pro- 



ducing the bent, short, clumsy, pin appearance, slightly marked, 

 and with a greenish shadow on one side, resting apparently on a 

 dark-grey membrane, the points of the pins shading off" obliquely. 

 (Vide PI. XXXVII., Fig. 5, of Mr. Mclntire's Templetoniu 

 mYif?«, 'M.M.J.') 



