'^Juulnal.^inTisTu!'] PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES. 57 



estlng discussion followed, in whicli Dr. Matthews, Messrs. Lowne, 

 Breese, Gelding, and Groves took part. The Secretary read a paper 

 " On the Albertype Process of Photographic Printing," suggesting its 

 application to the illustration of microscopical subjects ; specimens of 

 a portrait printed by the pi'ocess were distributed in the room, and a 

 discussion upon its merits ensued. The conclusion of the ordinary 

 business of the club was made the occasion of an interesting presenta- 

 tion to Mr. W. M. Bywater, who for four years had so ably filled the 

 office of honorary secretary. Arthur E. Durham, Esq., E.L.S., late 

 President of the club, having been called to the chair, referred in an 

 able and highly complimentary si^eech to the valuable services rendered 

 by Mr. Bywater during his period of office, and paid a well-merited 

 tribute to the courteous and efficient manner in which his arduous 

 duties had ever been performed. Mr. Diudiam then, amidst great 

 applause, presented, in the name of the members, a handsome silver 

 salver and tea and coffee service ; the salver bearing the following 

 inscription : — " Presented, together with a silver tea-service, to Witham 

 Matthew Bywater, by members of the Quekett Microscopical Club, as 

 a token of apj)reciation of his indefatigable exertions both as a founder 

 of the club and as the honorary secretary during four years. — 1869." 

 Mr. Bywater, in a brief but very suitable manner, acknowledged the 

 valuable gift, expressing his deep sense of the honour conferred upon 

 him by those with whom he had so long been associated, and cordially 

 thanking them for the very handsome testimonial presented to him. 

 The proceedings terminated as usual by a conversazione. 



LiTEEART AND PHILOSOPHICAL SoCIETY OF ]\IaNCHESTER. 



Ordinary Meeting, October 19th, 1869. J. P. Joule, LL.D., 

 F.E.S., &c., President, in the chair. " On a Now Form of Calamitean 

 Strobilus," by Professor W. C. Williamson, F.E.S. 



The author referred to the labours of Mr. Binney and Mr. Car- 

 ruthers in elucidating the structure of the ordinary type of Calamitean 

 Strobili as affording a standard of comparison, and then proceeded 

 to describe his specimen, which was from the cabinet of Mr. J. Butter- 

 worth, of High Crompton. It had been a strobilus ai^proachiug 

 nearer to Aphyllostachys than to Volkmannia, only the three lower- 

 most verticils or joints were preserved. Externally the central axis 

 had been fluted longitudinally like the stems of Calamites. It con- 

 sisted of a medullary cavity surroimcled by a cylinder consisting 

 largely of cellular and prosenchymatous tissues, but also containing, 

 in the prominent external ridges, bundles of reticulated vessels. 

 Where these vessels crossed the nodes they described a series of 

 arches of which the concavities were directed towards the medulla, as 

 the author had, in a previous memoir, pointed out to be the case in 

 Calamopitus. Immediately above and below each node the ten ex- 

 ternal ridges of the axis gradually became more prominent until, at 

 the node, they coalesced, converting the external grooves of the axis 

 into short canals, of which the transverse section was pyriform, and 

 forming a continuous foliar disk, chiefly of cellular tissue, in which 



