207 



per g^allon. On tliis basis the total productiou was worth $2,G21,468. 

 The following table presents a view of the vintages for ten years past: 



Year. 



1860 

 1861 

 1862 

 1863 

 1864 

 186.5 

 1866 

 1867 

 18C8 

 1869 

 1870 



Total value 

 of produc- 

 tion. 



S848, 862 18 

 712, 948 43 

 568,191 05 

 581, 763 28 

 871, 819 49 

 387,629 67 

 694, 580 43 

 495, 188 66 

 006, 583 69 

 919, 002 95 

 621, 468 39 



The prices of wools, according- to local classification, (four-fifths being 

 " bastard" or grade wools,) have been as follows since 1863 : 



SOUTHERN PLANTING AND NORTHERN FARMING. 



BY THE COJIMISSIOKER OF AGRICt'LTUEE. 



The great diversity of climate and soil which characterizes this ex- 

 tensive country renders the task of reviewing the principles and prac- 

 tices of farming, as they prevail in various quarters, exceedingly diffi- 

 cult; for that which observation and experience have taught to be 

 entirely successful and profitable in one region, would be very inappro- 

 priate and entirely fail in another. In our agricultural journals and 

 elsewhere we meet constantly with discussions as to the best modes of 

 cultivation ; and while the contestants, reasoning from their own ex- 

 perience, seem to differ essentially, it does not necessarily follow that 

 each may not be right in the doctrine ■^'hich he advocates ; tjiey may 

 have only failed to recur to the fact that they reason from stand-points 

 and accompanying surroundings which differ as essentially as the doc- 

 trines they respectively advocate. This may be illustrated by recurring 

 to the oft-repeated discussion of the merits and demerits of deep and 

 shallow plowing, w^hile the solution of the problem is clearly to be 

 found in the character of the particular soil to be plowed ; for w^hile 

 a tenacious clay subsoil may be most profitably plowed to any depth 

 whicli can be enriched by cultivation and manure, a good surface, having 



