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aud auimal products and materials of every kiud ; seventhly, the suspen- 

 sion of fairs and movements of cattle in the infected locality and the 

 suspected zone, so»that the authorities may have a guarantee that ani- 

 mals have not been moved by clandestine trafdc from the place which 

 they originally occupied ; eighthly, as soon as a case of plague has been 

 officially established in any locality, an immediate declaration is to be 

 made of every new case, as soon as known, by the keepers of animals; 

 ninthly, after the disappearance of the disease from tlie localities, suit- 

 able precautions and methods of disinfection are to be prescribed pre- 

 liminary to the re-stocking of the stables and pastures, and the re-estab- 

 lishment of the liberty of trade in cattle. 



In all these various measures there is really nothing new. They have 

 heretofore commended themselves to the judgment of those who have 

 had to deal with the subject. Another, however, of great importance 

 in a commercial and sanitary jioint of view, was added, namely, the 

 requireme'nt that every State in which the cattle disease manifests itself 

 shall make announcement of the fact immediately, by telegraph, first 

 to the neighboring governments, and ultimately to those more distant. 

 A careful inquiry is to be made as to the route of ink-oduction and prop- 

 agation of the disease, and the results are to be, with the least possible 

 delay, brought to the knowledge of the authorities of all the countries 

 menaced by the invasion of the plague. Wherever the disease has 

 actually broken out in a country, it is to publish in an official journal, a 

 weekly bulletin showing the stage of the disease, the measures adopted 

 for its prevention, the successive modifications of regulations which are 

 to be introduced according to circumstances, and, finally, the day in 

 which they cease to be in operation ; this bulletin to be sent to the edi- 

 tors of official journals of other States when they desire it. 



The convention found that, among the various countries that had had 

 occasion to take measures for the proper disinfection of cattle-cars and 

 other vehicles of transportation, Germany had the most satisfactory 

 arrangements. Here, after a train has been emptied of its contents, tlie 

 cars are immediately deluged with warm water of at least 160° P. The 

 shock and strength of the current, falling from a considerable eleva- 

 tion, detaches all organic material adhering to the wood-work, and, by 

 the elevation of temperature, annihilates all virulent activity. 



The principal point established by the convention, according to Bou- 

 ley, was the necessity of an obligation to slaughter all animals as soon 

 as the disease made itself manifest, or as soon as there seemed a proba- 

 bility that an animal would be attacked. In this way the plague will 

 be arrested by sacrifice of the smallest number of animals. 



SouECE OF NiTEOGEN IN THE SOIL. — According to Dehsrain, the 

 sources of the nitrogen of the soil, as at present recognized, are insuffi- 

 cient to account for the amount of nitrogen which the soils contain, and 

 he tries to prove, by certain experiments, that the free nitrogen of the 

 atmosphere is brought into combination during the oxidation of the 

 organic matter of the soil. 



CuEE OF ENTEEiTis IN HORSES. — Dr. Mooer, a veterinary surgeon in 

 London, has, it is said, been very successful in curing enteritis in the 

 horse, by administering morphia in conjunction with chloroform. He 

 first introduces a full dose of morphia subcutaneously, and if the severe 

 and violent pain, is not relieved in a few hours, he casts the horse and 

 administers chloroform by inhalation. He has succeeded in producing 

 profound, unbroken sleep in seven or eight hours, by the use of one 

 ounce of chloroform, the patient waking at the end of that time quite 

 convalescent. 



