HYBRID CLEMATIS. $15 
HYBRID CLEMATIS. 
By Mr. A. G. Jackman, F.R.H.S. 
THe hybridisation of the Clematis can be traced back to sixty-four 
years ago, the earliest successful attempt being made by the late Mr. 
Henderson, of Pine Apple Nursery, in 1835, who raised C. Hendersoni, 
which was at that time considered a great acquisition. Its parents are 
supposed to be C.. Viticella and C. integrifolia. 
A few years after this saw the advent of C. patens from Japan, which 
may be taken as the type of the large spring-flowering Clematises, fol- 
lowed by C. Amalia, C. Louisa, C. Monstrosa, and C. Sophia, all of them 
being varieties of C. patens. 
It is to Fortune that the horticultural world next became indebted 
for sending over from China in 1851 that grand plant, C. lanuginosa, 
and in 18638 C. Fortunei and C. Standishii, as it is from these three 
and C. patens that the magnificent large-flowered varieties have been 
obtained. 
The first person to take up the hybridisation of the aforementioned 
species in this country was Mr. Anderson-Henry, of Edinburgh, who in 
1855 crossed C. patens with C. lanuginosa, the result being a handsome 
lavender-coloured variety named C. Regine. 
After this came the ever-popular Woking hybrid C. Jackmanni, raised 
in 1858, which, with C. rubro-violacea, C. Prince of Wales, C. rubella, 
C. magnifica, C. Alexandra, and C. velutina purpurea, all dark-flowering 
varieties, were the result of crossing C. lanuginosa by C. Hendersoni 
and C. Viticella atrorubens. Some of these varieties were afterwards 
crossed with C. lanuginosa, producing several dissimilar varieties, 
viz.: C. Mrs. James Bateman, pale lavender; C. Beauty of Surrey, 
light greyish blue; and C. Lady Bovill, greyish blue; also C. Sir 
Robert Napier, a rich purple, and C. Thomas Moore, a rich puce- 
violet. 
Following these another batch of seedlings was raised at the Woking 
Nurseries, and first flowered in 1871, from intercrossing C. patens, 
C. Fortunei, C. Standishii, and C. Sophia plena, with C. Jackmanni, 
C. rubella, C. rubro-violacea, and C. magnifica, and also reversing the 
crossings, some of the offspring partaking of the parents of the patens 
type, whilst the others took the character of the parents of the Jack- 
manni and Florida types. Those which partook of the patens type 
showed great variety of colour, amongst them being C. Fair Rosamond, 
blush white with wine-red bar; C. Edith Jackman, blush white with 
broad purplish-rose bar; C. Vesta, white; and C. The Queen, delicate 
mauve ; these four varieties being also sweet scented, which is supposed 
to be derived from C. Fortunei. There were also C. Lord Derby, bluish 
mauve; C. George Cubitt, pale lilac mauve; C. Lord Mayo, deep rosy 
