218 The Monad's Place in Nature. 



ganisms to develop progressive change from a lower to a higher 

 form of structure, and will in this instance tend to estabhsh the 

 probability that the Monads which we meet with in various states 

 are the sources whence spring some of the more developed forms of 

 life to which I have referred. 



In the air caught by trickling water over a sheet of glass,* I 

 find a large number of Monad forms about Wrot,h of an inch in 

 diameter. 



In November, 1867, I found bodies having the same appearance 

 and the same cyclical movement, moving within the tubules of Yau- 

 cberia (PI. CIII., Fig. i.d). In April, 1868, I confirmed the ex- 

 periences (Fig. i.i). In July, 1870, I saw similar bodies moving 

 freely in the vacuole of a desmid (Closterium lunula). In 1867 I 

 watched the primordial utricle in the tubule of Vaucheria protrude 

 from the general mass of chlorophyll, and form a round globular 

 vesicle into which the Monad forms escaped from the mass (Fig. i. g, h). 

 I also saw the Pseudo-gonidia attached to the side of the tubules of 

 Vaucheria containing chlorophyll particles and a vacuole (see the 

 diagram, Fig. i.Jck). Also I witnessed the primordial utricle of a 

 Pseudo-gonidium burst, and the Monads liberated from the interior, 

 each being transparent, about the size of those found in air, and 

 having their own independent cyclical movement (Fig. i. w,^?). Now 

 it seems to me that these organisms are in all hkelihood similar to 

 those referred to by numerous observers, such as Samuelson, Dancer, 

 Angus Smith, and others of recent date, who have confirmed the 

 experience of Pasteur, which in all likelihood relates to a form of 

 life similar to that to which I have here referred. 



Now in the bursting of a tubule of Vaucheria, which I witnessed 

 in November, 1869, the size of the particles varied from visible 



Fig. VII. — A pin-i^oint Monad in its transformation to Infusoria : a, gi'nnnlar cell ; 

 b, showing vacuole formed by contraction of sarcode ; c, fir.st chanj^e 

 to Amoeba ; </, perfect Amreba ; c, change to Vorticella ; /', VorficcUa ; 

 g, Kerona. See also Fig. ix., which represents an observation made 

 August 12th, 1871, in which I saw the globular body throw out cilia, 

 and then swim away as a perfectly foimed Kerona. 



„ VIII. — A pin-jjoint IMonad in its transformation to inoss : a, Oscillatoria Nigro 

 Viride ; b, Lyngbya ; c, moss cell as given olf from the surface in drops 

 of rain. 



„ IX. — Change from a spherical cell to a di.stinct Kerona : a, the spherical 

 shape ; b, throwing out cilia, c ; d, fully formed Kerona. 



„ X. — A few Paramcecia (^Kolpoda cucullus) swimming in a fluid composed 

 of Vibrions and Monads : a, Vibrions ; b, Monads. 



„ XI. — An Infusorium (probably Paramcecium Aurelici), showing cilia placed 

 diagonally : «, ventral ; b, dorsal view. 



„ xii. — A mass of pin-point Monads: 1, becoming, 2, Vibrions; 3, Bacteria; 

 4, Monads and Uvellse ; 5, Amcebse ; 6, Paramcecia ; 7, more highly 

 developed Infusoria, as Kolpoda cucullus, &c. ; 8, Vorticella). 



♦ See ' M. M. J.,' Aug., 1870. 



