THE ALLEGHANY COAL FIELD. . 101 



Valley of Sandy Creek, - ) o .00 t7> . o,- -. r^ 



o . .11 . T, u . V S. 43 East, 36.1 ft. per m. 



Sandyville to Kocnester, - ) 



Massillon, . . . . 



Clinton, .... 



Summit County, 



Valley of Mahoning River, 



This brings us to the Pennsylvania line, from which we 

 set out, having traversed the entire horizon. 



On the Alleghany "River the plunge of the coal beds is 

 South of Southwest. Farther South, from Laurel Hill to 

 Morgantown, Va., the strata dip Westerly, and moving to 

 the valley of the Kanhawa the line of dip veers round to 

 the Northwest. Crossing the breadth of the field by pass- 

 ing down the Kanhawa, and down the Ohio River to near 

 Portsmouth, Ohio, the rocks incline with regularity to the 

 Southeast or East-Southeast- 



Thence following the position of the places in the above 

 table, Northerly and Easterly, the change in the dip to the 

 South is uniform, till we reach the line of departure, where 

 it approaches the meridian. 



The Virginia geologists divided the coal rocks into the 

 " upper and lower coal group, and upper and lower sand- 

 stone group." 



After much study and examination, I am unable to take 

 up those divisions where they are left on the Ohio River, in 

 Virginia, and carry them through Ohio, so as to bring them 

 together again in Pennsylvania and Virginia, on the East. 

 This may be due to the want oi persistence in the strata 

 themselves. For instance: There is, on the Muskingum 

 River, near its mouth, a heavy, "non-fossiliferous " mass of 

 limestone, which appears to be the same group of calcare- 

 ous beds that overlie the great Wheeling coal seam. 

 There is, below the Muskingum beds, a seam of coal, but 

 by no means as heavy as that at Wheeling. The Wheeling 

 and Pittsburgh main beds are regarded as the same 



