BUTEO LINEATUS — RED SHOULDERED HAWK. 223 



bands near the base. Quills brownish black, widely 

 bordered with pure white on their inner webs. 



" Young. — Plumage above umber brown, edged on the 

 head and back of the neck with fulvous, and with many 

 feathers on other upper parts edged with the same color 

 and ashy white; upper tail coverts spotted with pure white. 

 Under parts white, generally tinged with yellowish, many 

 feathers having oblong and lanceolate longitudinal stripes 

 and spots of brown; a stripe of brown on each side of the 

 neck from the base oi' the under mandible. Tail brown, 

 with several bands of a darker shade of the same and of 

 white on the inner webs of the feathers, and narrowly tip- 

 ped with white. 



"■ Dimensions.— Yem2i\e:^ total length 17 to 18 inches; 

 wing 11; tail ^^ to 7 inches. Male smaller." 



Specimens in the Cleveland Academy of Natural Science 

 Museum. 



3. BuTEO LiNEATUS, Gmelin. — Red Shouldered Hawk. 



Wilson's Amer. Orn., VI., pi. 53, fig. 3; Audubon's B. of 

 Am., Oct. ed., I., pi. .9. 



The Red Shouldered Hawk is a permanent resident of 

 our State, and is found more frequently than its Red Tailed 

 relative. Its range is a wide one, being from the Atlantic 

 to the Pacific Oceans. The young was considered as a dis- 

 tinct species, under the name of Winter Falcon — Falco 

 hyemaUs. Audubon and Wilson considered them quite 

 distinct, but Cassin says that they are identical. 



This species pair for life, and select the same locality in 

 which to build their nest. Audubon states that he has 



