4 STATE Crop Pest COMMISSION OF 
the nurserymen, as their presence upon a nurseryman’s ship- 
ments are the best possible indication that the stock to which 
they are attached is apparently free from the dangerously inju- 
rious insects and plant diseases of which fruit growers are so 
much afraid. 
The manner of paying for this inspection in Louisiana is 
iar superior to that in a good many other states, inasmuch that 
everything here is free to the nurseryman. In Virginia, every 
nurseryman, resident or non-resident, has to pay twenty dollars 
for the privilege of doing business in the State, in Illinois nurs-_ 
erymen have to pay actual cost to the State for inspecting their 
places, and in Michigan, besides a license fee of five dollars, 
each nurseryman must give bond for a thousand dollars with the 
eondition that no stock will be sold unless inspected and fumi- 
vated. Idaho also requires the deposition of a bond to the 
amount of one thousand dollars. 
The only expense to which a Louisiana nurseryman is put 
by the nursery inspection law, is the very nominal one of having 
copies of his certificate of inspection printed upon shipping ta%s, 
the tags themselves being paid for by the Commission. 
All citrus stock shipped within or delivered in the State of 
Louisiana must be defoliated. The regulation is aimed directly 
at the white fly, the larve of which occur only on the leaves of 
its host, so that by defoliation the amount of white fly infested 
stock is reduced to a minimum. 
The insects and plant diseases declared by the Commissioa 
to be dangerously injurious to fruits are the San Jose scale, nema- 
tode root knot, cottony cushion scale, West Indian peach seale, 
chaff scale, woolly aphis, white fly, crown gall and hairy root dis- 
eases, and black knot; and the Commission is empowered by law 
with authority to add to or extend this list at any time the inter- 
ests of the State require it. 
THE SAN JOSE SCALE. 
This is the insect which above all others is responsible for 
the nursery inspection laws and regulations in nearly every state 
in the Union. It was first introduced into this country from 
China, about 1870, the point of introduction being San Jose, 
Cal., hence its common name. From this center of infestation 
