ott | oat 
155. 
9. Aggregate product of corn, wheat, and potatoes—effect of quantity upon 
value. —This diagram shows the course of production through eight 
years. The scale is arranged to illustrate quantities by lines represent- 
ing one hundred, two hundred, up to thirteen hundred millions of bush- 
els, and when used to illustrate value the same lines mean fifty, one 
hundred, up to six hundred and fifty millions of dollars. Tracing the 
line representing corn, starting at less than nine hundred million bush- 
els, it falls one hundred millions in 1869, and at 1870 and 1872, respect- 
ively, it nearly reaches eleven hundred million. Then following the 
upper line, showing the value of corn, nearly $600,000,000 in 1866—a 
rise in value attends a decline in quantity, and vice versa, the only ex- 
ception being in 1871, when the surplus of the preceding year made the 
supply a very full one, while the great crop of 1872 struck with panic 
the corn-markets, and completely demoralized prices. The prices of 
corn are controlled almost exclusively by the quantity produced, as the 
market cannot be ‘“ cornered,” and the export of 3 per cent. is scarcely 
a disturbing element; in this instance, foreign demand does not fix the 
prevailing home-price. With wheat it is different, as the lines show, in 
some years prices continuing to rise with a rise in quantity, caused ‘by 
poor crops in Europe. 
10. Wages of farm-labor—monthly rate without board, 1866 and 1875.~ 
This diagram shows the monthly rate of each State, in both the 
years named, from the exhaustive investigations of the Department. 
The scale of line-illustrations is $10 per inch. There is shown a de- 
cline in wages, except in some of the Southern States, where labor is 
becoming more efficient and valuable, and in Oregon, where a scarcity 
exists. The figures are as follows: 
States. | 1866. | 1875. || States. | 1866. | 1875. 
| | s 
LOE ob 2 eS ees | $27 00 | $25 40 || Louisiana.-.............-..-...-. $20 50 | $18 40 
Bew EEA PS MILO Se <3 <.210<= sss sese0 | a2 is = os | cee OS ee Ee ge v1 00 Ee _ 
UVR Jet Pe ce cee ncn nn| oe 64 |. 29°68 ERAN win Ee owen nase ae ee 24 21 
MASBSAGHUSOTUS ~~ =... -..522--.5-.- So osuueeod, || AROUNERSCGIe mec... .c..c2>scnoece 19 00 15 20 
BRMEEMERLAN cee ne oss <5) «tose | 34 40) - 30) 00))|' West Virginia..2--...------2-24.- 25 35 20 75 
Connecticut | 3425 | 28 25 || Kentuck 20 23 | .18 12 
repeats Bae oe cs 5) ag 57-|- 97 14 || Ohne. |) el eee 
Ppa ee S01O7 | a0a71. || WGhsennkeoes oe nee 3126 | 28 22 
Pamayivania............---..-.. Pee ae sre ris 20 ||) Hallet esas. 5c. < <n cee es Q7 71) 24 20 
MIGINWANG .. Jocessaceceeeeses eee: eeaaroan a0 Os" ||| MING tee teas soca ocn oc neers 28 54] 25 20 
20 02 | Wisconsin 30 84 | 25 50 
14 84 | Minnesota 3165 | 26 16 
43) 46"||oweae---- ~~. ---| 2834] 2435 
12 84 |} Missouri....... ---| 2675] 19 40 
aon 52 ees jeabysil 14°40 |) Beansage os. 8s... | 3103] 23 20 
ere pees eee See ek oo ga ess 18 00 | 15 50 | INGDMAKR ote. 28. c<a~ debs cateeae 38 37 | 24 00 
LOD UD 28 Se SSS cop epee | 13 40} 15 60 || California....................----| 45 71 44 50 
LUST a eee ee eee Be PR REGITLE G30) 1) Greens 25. Ss. Soe sek cee 35 751 38 25 
11. Immigration of seven years—comparison of its sources.—In fur- 
ther illustration of labor interests, this diagram shows the sources of 
our Supply from other countries. Great Britain furnishes 39 per cent. 
ete ‘aed 34—all other nationalities little more than a fourth of the 
whole. 
12. Comparative area of the public-land States—This diagram illus- 
trates the _Superticial area of each State by square figures drawn to a 
seale of 25,000,000 acres per square inch. The proportion sugveyed in 
1874 is indicated by shading, as also the area actually appropriated up 
to 1870. 
