161 
winter-wheat to any extent, Michigan alone comes up to average. Pre- 
vious reports indicated that that State was favored above the others 
with a more permanent covering of snow. New York averages about 
18 below good ¢ondition.. In several counties the fact is noted that 
drilled wheat stood the winter better, and was generally more pros- 
perous than that sown broadcast ; also, that while the crop was badly 
winter-killed on poor or poorly cultivated soil it came through unharmed 
on that well fertilized and cultivated. The only counties reporting 
above average are Wayne and Erie, 110, and Ontario and Montgomery, 
105; which, except the last-named, are among the heavier counties. 
The heaviest winter-wheat county, Monroe, returns 90; Livingston, the 
next heaviest, 50, though that sown early on well-drained land is promis- 
ing; Genesee is 55. 
The average condition in Pennsylvania is 93. Lancaster, the great 
wheat county of the State, returns 105. “ The Fultz wheat has the best 
appearance wherever it is sown, and the general feeling among farmers 
is that it is the wheat for Lancaster County.” The old Mediterranean 
wheat, long grown there, ‘‘ does not make a full crop any more, and is 
more subject to the fly and also to lodge.” York, the next county in 
production, also promises above average. Delaware, Tioga, Bedford, 
McKean, and Fulton report 110; Forest, 105; 16 counties, 100; the re- 
mainder range from 95. down to 50, Lawrence, Columbia, and Montour 
being at the latter figure. 
In the South Atlantic States the mild winter has been followed gen- 
erally by very favorable weather, resulting in a condition of extraordi- 
nary promise. In Delaware, 105, and Maryland, 108, there are no draw- 
backs of any kind reported, and no counties below average, the range 
being from 100 to 120. In Virginia, 112, only seven returns out of 
sixty-eight fall below average. A hard freeze about the last of April 
did considerable injury to a previously very promising crop in several 
counties. Injuries from the presence of the fly are noted in Fairfax, 
King George, Madison, Clarke, James City, and Middlesex. They are 
not represented as serious except in Clarke, and even there have not 
reduced the promise below average. Rust had appeared in Prince 
William, Richland, Lancaster, Middlesex, and Dinwiddie, but was 
mostly confined to the blade, and, except some pieces sown late, the 
crop was too far advanced before its appearance to be seriously injured. 
In North Carolina, 104, while in a large majority of the returns the 
condition ranges from 100 up to 125, it has been reduced in Moore by 
the fly, in Lincoln by an insect never before seen, resembling the cab- 
bage-louse; and in Gaston, Nash, Duplin, Stokes, Wilkes, and Lincoln 
by rust. In Person, where the condition is very fine, Fultz wheat is 
the favorite. 
Farther south the rust has been more general and damaging. In 
Georgia it has reduced a very promising condition to 16 per cent. below 
average; in Alabama, 12 per cent. below; Mississippi, 25 per cent. 
below; and in Texas the grasshopper, to a small extent, and more gen- 
erally the fly, have conspired with rust to bring the condition down to 
21 below. In Arkansas, owing almost exclusively to rust, the condition 
is reduced to 73. Ravages of insects are noted only in Benton, in which 
both chinches and the Hessian fly have been at work. In Tennessee, 
also, the complaint of rust is almost universal, but, being mainly con- 
fined to the blade, it has not reduced the condition below average. 
West Virginia appears to have escaped all drawbacks, except slight 
injuries from winter-killing 4nd a late freeze, and rises 6 per cent. above 
average. The crop in Kentucky suffered extensively from dry weather 
3A 
