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structions from the seed by spiral wheels or otherwise, in automatic ad- 
justments to suit grains of different kinds and sizes, in the thorough 
covering of the seed and leveling of the ground after sowing, &c. Corn- 
planters specially adapted to the seeding of maize are also present in 
considerable numbers. In some, the seedsman holds the machine toits 
work by means of handles like those of the plow. In others, he rides 
upon the machine and regulates its flow of seed by an easy adjustment 
with either hand or foot. One machine carries an attachment which traces 
the line of the next seeding-furrow exactly 4 feet from the previous one. 
For planting in check-rows automatic arrangements are claimed by some 
exhibitors, while others place this function in charge of a supernumerary 
man or boy riding on the machine. The corn-planter is also combined 
with a cultivator-attachment, so as to save plowing in tbe corn-stubble 
by thoroughly stirring the surface. No adaptations of seed-machinery 
to steam-power are noted among this class of exhibits. A few attempts 
to combine the drill and broadcast methods so that the same machine 
may answer different and even incongruous purposes, shows the extent 
and scope of our daring inventive genius. 
The most extensive array of farm-machinery falls under the head of 
harvesters. A few of the machines are devoted to the single function 
of mowing. In those parts of our country where grain is grown to only 
a limited extent, and where grass is the staple crop, au implement 
suited only to mowing, as might be expected, can be constructed with 
_ less machinery and of less complicated character than where it is pro- 
posed to save the expense of two instruments by combining with the 
mower an attachment for gathering the grain for bundling. The 
mower is presented of every size and combination, from the simple lawn- 
mower, which a single man can drive, to the ponderous two-horse 
machine. The lawn-mowers are generally combined with a roller-attach- 
ment for leveling the ground at the same time the grass is cut. Some- 
times these instruments are so large as to require a single horse to supply 
the motive power, in which case the operator may drive the machine, 
seated upon it, or he may direct it by means of plow-handles, walking 
behind it. Of the field-mowers, some employ the direct-draught prin- 
ciple, the knives being located between the wheels, the horses being 
placed widely apart, entirely outside the swath, by means of a long neck- 
yoke and double-tree. It works back and forth on the same side of the 
field. Another machine adapts the side-draught principle, with no pur- 
pose of transforming it into a reaper. It claims to have secured, by a 
new mechanical movement, the easy conversion of the slow rotation of 
the wheels into the rapid reciprocating motion of the knife, and a noise- 
less action which the side-draught mowers convertible into reapers can- 
not attain. . 
But when grain and grass farming are combined on a moderate scale 
the economic advantage of a machine which, by a simple adjustment, 
may be adapted to either kind of harvesting, renders the attractions of 
the combined machine irresistible as saving in the outlay of eapital, 
which is called for in so many new directions in modern farming. In 
the earlier machines of this kind, a raker was seated on the platform, 
raking the grain into bundles as it fell under the knife. But few of that 
class now hold possession of the market, though one provides a canopied 
platform for two binders to gather the cut grain into sheaves. The self- 
raking attachment has been generally adopted, saving one hand in the 
harvest-field and probably diminishing the draught on the whole. But 
a third combination is shown in these machines: a binder-attachment 
gathers the cut grain into sheaves, fastens them with a stout wire, and 
