325 
tending. It has reduced the pear-crop largely, and to some extent the 
apple-crop. In some sections it is destroying not merely the fruit but 
the trees. The report from Pulaski, [linois, states: ‘‘ The root-rot and 
fire-blight, so-called, continue to destroy our apple and pear trees to 
such an extent as to render orcharding a failure in all this south end of 
the State.” Pear-trees have suffered much from “ fire-blight” in Onon- 
daga, New York; fruit-trees from “twig-blight” in Cumberland, New 
Jersey ; and from “ blight” in Randolph and Polk, Georgia, and Saint 
Clair, Alabama. In the county last-named many trees have been killed 
by the disease. The fruit-crop has been seriously curtailed in Minne- 
sota and Nebraska, and somewhat in Lowa, by the ravages of: grasshop- 
pers. In Nebraska, Dodge County, they not only stripped fruit-trees of 
their leaves, but, in some localities, of their bark; in Boone they killed 
the young fruit-trees, and in Adams injured them 50 per cent. With 
these exceptions, returns, referring not to specific fruits noticed below, 
but to the general crop, including all kinds, are for the most part faver- 
able. Among the localities reporting a great abundance of all kinds 
are Laneaster, York, and Mifflin, Pennsylvania; Carroll, Virginia ; 
Hayne, Michigan; Clark, Wisconsin; and San Joaquin, California. 
APPLES.—Condition : The returns from the several States for the con- 
dition of apples, September 1, give promise that, on the whole, a plenti- 
ful crop, of excellent quality, willbe gathered. A few drawbacks are 
reported, but none of them serious, and most of them quite limited in 
extent. In the section north of the Potomac and east of Ohio, the large 
crop is being quite generally sifted by premature falling off, owing to 
the very dry August. Injuries by worms are noted only in Allegany, 
New York; Westmoreland, Virginia; and Benton, Arkansas. In Fannin, 
Georgia, a large crop is being ruined by a “kind of fungus” on the 
twigs, which causes the leaves to die and fall off, and the fruit to be 
specked with “bitter-rot” and fall prematurely. ‘ Bitter-rot” is also 
reported in Marion, Indiana, and Hamilton, Ulinois. In Box Elder and 
Tooele, Utah, the crop has been greatly injured by the coddling-moth. 
With these exceptions the figures denoting reduced condition, generally 
indicate the percentage below average quantity on the trees, rather than 
injuries or defects in quality. The returns frequently, for obvious 
reasons, couple diminished numbers and superior size and quality 
together. In Dunn, Wisconsin, where the apples grown are of the crab 
varieties, the branches of the young trees are so burdened as to require 
artificial support to prevent breaking down. In Hall, Nebraska, the 
grasshoppers devoured one-third of the crop, yet the State averages 104. 
In the section above indicated as affected by drought, owing in part to 
causes previously reported, the condition differs widely in contiguous 
States. While in New Hampshire it rises to 112, it falls on the one side, 
in Maine, to 74, and on the other, in Vermont, to 71. Connecticut 
returns an average of 111, but Massachusetts 93, and New York 92. In 
New Jersey it rises to 103, and in Pennsylvania and Maryland to 106. 
In all the States south of the Potomae and the Ohio the figures fall con- 
siderably belowaverage. Notincluding Louisiana, (51,) in which but few 
_ apples are grown, the range is between 6% and 91, Virginia and West 
Virginia being at the latter figure. Except Illinois, 88, a heavy crop is 
reported in the entire section bounded by the Ohio, the Missouri, and the 
Lakes; Ohio, 105; Michigan, 111; Wisconsin, 122; Minnesota, 106 ; 
Iowa, 121. In the remaining States west of the Mississippi the ran we 
is between 70 in Arkansas and 97 in Kansas, Missouri being 74. 
Marne.— Waldo: Scarce and small. Cumberland: Injured by drought. 
VERMONT.—Orleans : Not enough for home use. 
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