3718 
surplus of 5,600,000 hectoliters (14,159,100 bushels) of oats. The grain 
exports from the crops just gathered are expected to aggregate about 
4,000,000 hectoliters (11,351,280 bushels) of wheat ; 5,000,000 hectoliters 
(14,159,100 bushels) of barley, and 7,000,000 to 8,000,000 hectoliters 
(19,864,740 to 22,702,560 bushels) of oats. Tle short crops of rye will 
leave but a small quantity available for export. 
Herr Wyngart read a report on foreign wheat-crops, estimating a 
moderate deficiency in England, France, and Germany, (excepting Ba- 
varia and Saxony ;) a full average in Roumania, Switzerland, Sweden, 
Norway, Denmark, and Northern Italy; a crop above average in Bavaria, 
Saxony, Austria, and Russia. The estimate of the English harvest, 
however, was made prior to the late developments, which show the crop 
to have been shorter than English agricultural authorities were willing 
to believe. Rye was below average in all Europe, except Russia and 
France; barley was full average or above in all except Prussia, South- 
ern Bavaria, England, and Sweden; oats full average or above in all 
except Prussia, England, Sweden, Norway, aud Denmark. 
Estimates were presented on this occasion before an assembly of 5,000 
farmers and grain dealers, representative statisticians of different coun- 
tries. Europe is naturally grouped into two classes of countries—pro- 
ducing and consuming, according as they present a surplus or deficiency 
in their productions to meet their home demand. Of the former, Russia, 
with a fine crop in her southern provinces, was enabled to report a full 
average in spite of a deficit of 70 per cent. in the small crop of her north- 
ern provinces. Austro-Hungary was rated between a full average 
and 2 per cent. below. Roumania was estimated at 25 per cent. below 
average, which does not agree with the official estimate of Herr Wyn- 
gart, given above. Of the consuming countries, England was estimated 
at oO per cent. below average, whereas the deficiency will probably be 
not less than 10 per cent., according to later developments. In Germany, 
Bavaria and Saxony had a good average harvest, but Mecklenburg is 
20 per cent. below, Prussia 18 per cent., Baden 10 per cent., and Wiirtem- 
berg 5 percent. The south, southeast, and southwest of France show a 
yield about 24 per cent. below average, but the other portions of the 
country show a full average. Switzerland is 10 per cent., Sweden, Nor- 
way, and Denmark 15 per cent., and the Netherlands 30 per cent. 
below average. 
The sales of English wheat in the United Kingdom during the week 
ending August 26 amounted to 21,298 quarters, at 45s. 5d. per quarter, 
against 37,980 quarters, at 53s., during the corresponding week of 1875. 
The London averages were 50s. 3d. on 1,112 quarters. The imports into 
the United Kingdom during the week ending August 19 amounted to 
1,070,424 cwt. The Mark Lane market opened on Monday, August 21, 
with a tendency to firmness, caused by the broken and unsettled state 
of the weather, though quotations did not advance. English wheat 
was in small supply, while foreign wheats, mostly of old crops, were 
abundant. Essex and Kent white, old and new, brought from 45s. to 
50s. per quarter; ditto red, 43s. to 48s.; Norfolk, Lincolnshire, and — 
Yorkshire red, 42s. to 44s.; Dantzig mixed, 50s. to 54s.; Konigsberg, 
49s. to 52s.; Rostock, 50s. to 53s.; Pomeranian, Mecklenburg, and Ucher- 
mark red, 47s. to 50s.; Ghiska, 40s. to 43s.; Russian hard, 42s. to 
43s.; Saxonska, 42s. to 44s.; Danish and Holstein red, 46s. to 49s. ; 
American red, 42s. to 47s.; Chilian white, 46s.; Californian, 47s.; Aus- 
tralian, 48s. to 49s. In Liverpool British white wheat brought 9s. 6d. 
to 10s. 2d. per cental; ditto red, 9s. 2d. to 9s. 10d. ; Canadian white, 
Ys. to 9s. Td.; red club and golden drop, 8s. 10d. to 9s. 3d.; American 
