; THE IPSWICH SPARROW. 23 
Young of the year. Differs from the adult in the brownish, rather than grayish, 
tints above, in the richer, deeper russet on the wings, and in the decided buffy wash 
that suffuses the head, the neck, and the under parts. This buffiness is most 
marked on the sides and breast, and it strongly tinges the malar stripe and auriculars. 
Young in first plumage. (8, juv., No. 3870, collection of J. Dwight, Jr., Sable 
Island, Nova Scotia, August 25, 1894.) Top of head, neck and rump, yellowish 
buff, tinged with ochraceous, and streaked narrowly with deep clove brown. An 
indistinct median stripe on the crown is pale buff. Back and upper tail coverts 
buffy or ashy, broadly striped with deep clove brown. Each feather has a large 
median, almost black, elliptical spot that merges into a narrow zone of buff broadly 
edged with ashy white. The scapularies are partly edged with vandyke instead of 
buff, thus producing two lateral brown stripes. Quill-feathers of the wings and 
tail, clove brown, edged, chiefly on the outer webs, with pale cinnamon brown which 
becomes broader and richer on the long tertiaries, while the margins of the first 
primary, the short tertiaries, and the greater and median coverts, are conspicuously ashy 
white, forming on the coverts two obscure wing-bars. The median coverts are 
dusky and show little or no cinnamon. Beneath, pale yellowish buff, nearly white 
on chin, abdomen, and under tail coverts; streaked, as in the adult, on the sides 
and breast with deep clove brown, almost black. Rictal and postocular streaks 
strongly tinged with vandyke. Auriculars pale ochraceous buff, forming a distinct 
spot on the side of the head; lores dusky. Superciliary stripe ashy gray. Tibie 
pale cinnamon. Legs, feet, and bill similar to those of the adult, but somewhat paler. 
The relatively larger size and paler coloration of this species readily distinguish 
it in all plumages from 4. sandwichensis savanna, the average female being about the 
size of the male savanna. The superficial resemblance to certain pale Western birds 
referable to 4. s. alaudinus, is in a few cases rather striking. The first plumage of 
savanna is everywhere darker than that of frinceps, having a deep ochraceous 
instead of a buffy cast, while the margins of the tertiaries and secondaries are a 
deep cinnamon, almost chestnut, and the streakings are somewhat heavier. 
Measurements of 50 males: Length! 156 (150-159); extent! 257 (253-262); wing 
76 (73-79) 3 tail 58.5 (55-62) ; tarsus 22.5 (21.5—-24.5); middle toe 17.4 (16.5—18) ; 
claw of middle toe 5.1 (4-6); bill, chord of exposed culmen, 11 (10~-12.5)3 bill 
from nostril, 8.5 (7.5-9-5); depth of bill at nostril 5.9 (5—6.s). 
Measurements of 50 females: Length* 149 (142-159); extent” 241.3 (234-248); 
wing 71 (67-74); tail 55.4 (52-59); tarsus 21.5 (20-23); middle toe 16.7 (15.5— 
18); claw of middle toe 5 (3.5-6); bill, chord of exposed culmen, 10.7 (10-11.5); 
bill from nostril 8.2 (7-9); depth of bill at nostril 5.5 (5—6).® 
1 Nine specimens only. 
? Sixteen specimens only. 
3 Average measurements in zzches, of the above specimens, are as follows :— 
ad: Length 6.14; extent 10.11; wing 2.99; tail 2.30; tarsus .89; middle toe .68; claw of middle toe 
20; bill, chord of exposed culmen, .44, from nostril .33, depth at nostril .23. 
9: Length 5.87; extent 9.50; wing 2.79; tail 2.15; tarsus .85; middle toe .66; claw of middle toe 
20; bill, chord of exposed culmen, .42, from nostril .32, depth at nostril .22. 
