194 The Microscope. 



cases of gonorrhcea, 7 cases of purulent ophthalmia neonatorum, 2 

 cases of blenorrhoeal ophthalmia, he found the gonococcus. Weiss ^ 

 found it in 32 cases of gonorrhoea. Bokai- made cultivations and 

 inoculated successfully several students who volunteered for the 

 cause of science. The following have also confirmed Neisser's 

 discovery: Aufrecht,^ Ehrlich,^ GafPky, Ri'icker, -^ Brieger, Sadtler, 

 Leber, Haab, '^ Hirschberg, " Krause, '' Konigstein, ** Bockhart, '■• and 

 others. The three last carried on successfully a series of experi- 

 ments in inoculations upon^ eyes. Ogden described organisms 

 resembling those found in pus taken from other sources not supposed 

 to be gonorrhoeal. This statement led Keyser^ "^ to investigate still 

 further, and his work, done with the care of a painstaking student, 

 is probably the most valuable contribution on this subject next to 

 that of Neisser's. Keyser examined 67 cases of gonorrhcea and 

 several cases of purulent o])hthalmia. Three cases of what was 

 supposed to be simple urethritis were examined and no gonococci 

 were found. 



The method of examination is very simple. A little of the pu'i 

 is pressed between two cover glasses, which are then drawn apart. 

 Then the glasses are allowed to dry, and are quickly passed through 

 the Bunsen flame to coagulate the alliumen and fix the pus. Then 

 a few drops of the ordinary methylene blue or violet are allowed to 

 cover the specimen for a few minutes and washed off. The 

 specimen may at once be examined in water or glycerin, or it may 

 be dried and mounted in balsam, which makes it mox*e distinct. The 

 gonococci are seen in pairs or fours, apparently in the pus cells,, 

 while the contour of the pus cells is seen to be very indistinct, due 

 to the Abbe illuminator. Keyser says they are in the cell, and 

 Neisser says they are on the cell. Of course, this is not easy to 

 decide, but from my own experience in examining the gonococci and 



1 Dr. F. Weiss: "La IMicro du Pus Bleuorrhagique." These de Nancy, 1880, and 

 Gazette Hebdom., November l2ih, 18K0. AV^eiss: •' Anales de Dermatol.," 1881. 



'^ A. Bokai: "Ueber das Contagion der Acuter Blenorrhoeas." " Centralblatt," 1880, 

 No. 74. 



3 R. Aufrecht: " Pathologische Blitt." 



■• Ehrlich: " Ueber Methylen blau und s. Klin. Bacterioskopische 'Verwenduns:,"' 

 " Zeitschr. f. Klin. Med. 1," pg. 70, 1S81. 



5 G. Ruecker: " Ueber Polyarthritis Gouorrhoica," Deutsche Med. Woch, 18S0. 



'' O. Haab: " Kleinere Ophtalmologische Mitt," Corres. f. Schweitzer Aertzte. O. 

 Haab: "Der Mikrokokkus der IJlenorrhoea Neonatorum." Festschrifft, Wiesbaden, 1881. 



~ Hirschberg and F. Krause: " Zur Pathologic der Anstechende Augenkrankheiten." 

 Centralblatt f . pract. Augeiiheilkunde. 



" Ku'nigstein: "Zur Prophylaxis der Blen. Neonatorum." Voitrag gehalten in d. k. 

 k. Gesellsch. d. Aerzte in Wieu. 



" Bockhart: " Beitrag zur Aetiologie und Pathologie des Harnroehrestrippers." Sit- 

 zungs Ber. d. Wurz., Phj-s. und Med. Gesellschaft, September, 1832. 



'" " Is Gonorrhcea a Bacteria Disease?" by N. A. S. Keyser, Md. Med. Journal, February 

 15th, 1883. Langenbeck's " Arch. f. Chirurgie." 



