248 The Microscope. 



The specific cause of typhoid fever. — In 1880 Eberth found, 

 in the spleen, swollen lymphatic glands and in the pathologically 

 changed parts of the intestinal tract of patients who had died 

 of t^'^phoid fever, a Bacillus which he was led to believe to be 

 the specific germ of this disease. In twenty-three cases he found 

 this micro-organism twelve times. He found the Bacillus the 

 more frequently the earlier in the course of the disease the 

 patients died. 



This micro-organism is described as a motile Bacillus three 

 times as long as broad, with rounded ends. Sometimes it forms 

 long threads. With the aniline colors it does not take so inten- 

 sive a stain as most other similar organisms. Its growth is slow. 

 When sporulation occurs the spores are contained in the ends of 

 the rods. 



Independently of Eberth, Koch had studied this same Bacillus 

 and found it in one-half of the cases examined, and had put his 

 work on record in the form of a series of photographs of the 

 micro-organism before Eberth's first work appeared. Meyer also 

 in 1881 reported the finding of this Bacillus in sixteen out of 

 twenty cases'^. 



A bacillus has been discovered in sections of warts, which is 

 always present in the prickle layer. It has distinctive qualities 

 as regards its capacity for color, and is found both between and 

 in the cells^. 



WAYS • 

 AND PAEANS 



Ledge. — Spring-clips, however useful generally, at times are 

 a hindrance, and something to rest the slide against, with per- 

 fect freedom in movement, becomes a desideratum. A very 

 good makeshift, for square stages only, can be made from a strip 

 of sheet lead of suitable thickness, about one-sixth of an inch 

 broad and sufficiently long to reach over and clasp the stage 

 somewhat firmly. It can easily be pushed up and down. — Hans 

 M. Wilder. 



2. Report Maine State Board of Health, 1888. 



3. Journ. Am. Med. As^'n. 



