73 



while; in male, chin and throat, black, and crown, bordered with chestnut. 

 Length, 6^ inches. 



Abundant resident. Raises 2-4 broods. Eggs 4-7, grayish- 

 white, spotted with dark gray. Nest of cotton, feathers, 

 grass, string, etc., in holes in tree, houses, etc. Eggs laid 

 from April to August. Feeds on grain, seeds, buds, flowers, 

 and occasionally insects. Very injurious. Notes, loud and 

 quarrelsome ; a disagreeable chatter. 



103. Loxia curvirostra minor (Brehni.)« 



RED CROSSBILL. 



Male: Dull red of some shade, rarely orange or yellow. 



Female: Dull greeniah-olive, yellower on the rump. Length, 6 inches. 



Uncommon and very irregular visitor in winter and spring ; 

 latest date seen, May 2. Feeds on pine seeds, buds, etc. 

 Probably injurious. Note, a short whistle. 



104. Loxia leucoptera (Qmel.). 

 WHITE-WINGED CROSSBILL. 



Similar to preceding, but the male is more pink, and there are noticeable 

 White marks on the wings. Length, 6 inches. 



Occasionally seen in winter but much rarer than the preced- 

 ing, which it closely resembles in habits and notes. 



105. Acanthis linaria (Linn.). 



LESSER RED-POLL. 



Forehead and throat-spot, blackish; crown, crimson; above, varied with 

 brown and dusky; beneath, white streaked with dusky. Length Scinches. 



Irregular winter visitor. Some years quite common in the 

 winter and early spring ; other years not seen at all. Feeds 

 ■on seeds. Probably beneficial. 



106. Spinus tristis (Linn.). 



GOLDFINCH. YELLOW-BIRD. WILD CANARY. 



Male in spring : Bright yellow ; crown, wings and tail, black. 



