202 PROGRESS OF MICROSCOPICAL SCIENCE. 



bfemorrhage. There was remarkable hyperplasia of the lymphatic 

 glands, and the spleen was doubled in size. 



With regard to other animals, there are observations on the occur- 

 rence of leucocytbpsmia in pigs and horses, to which he briefly refers. 



In the pig, the following three cases have been described. 



Leiseriug* relates a case of leucocythaemia in a pig, whose spleen, 

 liver, mesenteric glands and blood, showed corresponding changes. 

 Further details are wanting respecting this case, which was the first 

 observed, and was evidently one of lieno-lymphatic leucocythsemia. 

 Fiirstenbergl describes a case of leucocythaemia in a pig, with enlarge- 

 ment of all the lymphatic glands, the spleen, and the liver. The 

 spleen was more than 2 lbs. in weight ; the liver, which was studded 

 wth leucocythsemic deposits, weighed more than 8 lbs. There was 

 deposition of white corpuscles in the marrow of the bones. The 

 blood was of a clear chocolate colour ; the white corpuscles were 

 enormously increased, their proportion to the red being 2 to 1. 



In the case of splenic leucocythaemia in the pig to which he referred 

 at the beginning of this article, the spleen was much enlarged, weigh- 

 ing 3g- lbs. There was remarkable enlargement of the kidneys, 

 with leucocythfemic infiltration and extensive haemorrhages. Leuco- 

 cythfemic deposits were found in the liver and lungs. There was 

 increase of the white blood-corpuscles, their proportion to the red 

 being 1 to 5. The blood was of a clear red colour and watery. 

 Whether the lymphatic glands were affected could not be ascertained. 

 Microscopic examination of the hardened organs gave the following 

 result. The sjileeu was in a state of hyperplasia, and its tissue 

 presented exactly the same characters as in splenic leucdcythaemia in 

 man. Besides the abundant deposit of lymph-cells, there were great 

 increase and thickening of the normal elements of the spleen. In the 

 lungs, the chief seat of the leucocythaemic proliferations was the con- 

 nective-tissue sheaths of the arteries and bronchial tubes. The liver 

 not only showed a remarkable lymjihoid deposit in the connective 

 tissue between the acini, but also in the acini themselves there was so 

 great a deposit of lymphoid cells, that their number exceeded that of 

 the liver-cells. Finally, the kidneys were enlarged to more than 

 double the normal size, and were studded with haemorrhages ; they 

 contained so many lymph-cells that, under the microscope, the organ 

 presented the appearance of a lymphatic gland, the remains of the' 

 normal kidney being discoverable at points only in the form of 

 urinary tubules and Malpighiau bodies. 



A number of cases of leucocythaemia in the horse are recorded in 

 literature ; but I pass them over, as I have not been able to convince 

 myself that they were cases of idiopathic leucocythaemia. In the 

 meantime, they all might, with greater justice, be classed among those 

 symptomatic and transient forms of leucocythaemia which, following 

 Virchow, we designate leucocytosis. Considering the known irri- 

 tability of the lymphatic system in the horse, and the corresponding 

 liability in this animal to inflammatory affections of the lymphatic 



* Bericht iiber das Veterinarwesen ini Kouigreich Sachsen, 1865. 

 t Berliner KUaische Wochenscrift, 1870. 



