Schizopoda .. .. 5 



Decapoda Macrura . . 6 



„ Brachyiira 2 



Pyciiogouida .. .. 2 



Lamellibranchiata . . 5 



Bracliiopoda .. .. 2 



Gasteropoda .. .. 4 



PROGEESS OF MICROSCOPICAL SCIENCE. 247 



" In nine successful dredgings, at depths beyond 1000 fathoms, 

 between tlie Cape and Australia : — 



Sponges were met I Balanoglossus were met 



with on .. .. 6 occasions, j with on 1 occasion. 



Anthozoa Octactinia 7 „ | Cirripedia 4 occasions. 



„ Polyactinia 6 „ j Ostracoda 1 



Crinoidea .... 4 „ | Isopoda 7 



Asteroidea .... 8 „ i Amphipoda .. .. 3 



Ophiuridea .... 9 „ 



Echinidea 



Holotliuridea .. ..8 „ 



Bryozoa 6 „ 



Tuiiicata 5 „ 



Sipnnculacea . . . . 3 „ 



Nematodes .. ,. 1 „ 



Annelida .... 8 „ 1 Cephalopoda .. .. 3 



(^Myzostomurn) .... 2 „ j Teleostei 6 „ 



" It is of course impossible to determine the species with the books 

 of reference at oiar command ; but many of them are new to science, 

 and some are of great interest from their relation to groups suj^posed 

 to be extinct. This is particularly the case with the Echinodermata, 

 which are here, as in the deep water in the north, a very prominent 

 group. 



" During the present cruise special attention has been paid to the 

 natiire of the bottom, and to any facts which might throw light ui)on 

 the source of its materials. 



" This department has been chiefly in the hands of Mr. Murray ; 

 and I have pleasure in referring to the constant industry and care 

 which he has devoted to the preparation, examination, and storing of 

 samples. I extract from Mr. Murray's notes : — 



" ' In the soundings about the Agulhas bank, in 100 to 150 fathoms, 

 the bottom was of a greenish colour, and contained many crystalline 

 particles (some dark-coloured and some clear) of Foraminifera, species 

 of Orhulina, Glohigerina, and Pulvinulina, a pretty species of Uvigerina, 

 PlanorbuUna, Miliolina, Bulimina, and Nuinmulina. There were very 

 few Diatoms. 



" ' In the deep soundings and dredgings before reaching the 

 Crozets, in 1900, 1570, and 1375 fathoms, the bottom was composed 

 entirely of Orhulina, Glohigerina, and Pulvinulina, the same species which 

 we get on the surface, but all of a white colour and dead. Of Forami- 

 nifera, which we have not got on the surface, I noticed one Botalia 

 and one Polystomella, both dead. Some Coccoliths and Ehabdoliths 

 were also found in the samples from these soundings. On the whole, 

 these bottoms were, I think, the i)urest carbonate of lime we have ever 

 obtained. When the soundings were placed in a bottle and shaken up 

 with water, the whole looked like a quantity of sago. The Pulvinulince 

 were smaller than in the dredgings in the Atlantic. We had no 

 soundings between the Crozets and Kerguelen. 



" ' The specimens of the bottom about Kerguelen were all from 

 depths from 120 to 20 fathoms, and consisted usually of dark mud, 

 with an offensive sulphurous smell. Those obtained farthest from 

 land were made up almost entirely of matted sponge-spicules. In 



