10 
lines of railroad. This is conspicuously seen in a comparison of the river. 
counties of Kentucky with those of other portions of the State. Other elements 
of difference appear in a comparison of the river counties of the Kentucky side 
with those of the Ohio shore. 
A more diversified industry in Ohio, and the 
employment of free instead of slave labor, enter into the calculation and make a 
material advance in the rate. 
The following table exhibits nearly as great.a 
‘difference between the river counties of Ohio and, those of Kentucky as exists 
~between the latter and those of thesentire State : 
Question 1.* Question 2.|Question 3. Question 4. 
Se 
Blatevot Kentucky:ers-222 2 Sac ese ces 
River counties, Kentucky 
River counties, Ohio 
$20 23 
24 23 
23 27 
$13 65 
16 36 
17 36 
$17 06 
20 36 
22. 3a 
Free labor influence—The influence of changing the system of labor in a 
State from slave to free is illustrated very conspicuously in the belt of States 
from Virginia to Missouri. 
Virginia has been @ivided for several years, and 
that portion west of the mountains, formerly in comparative discredit as an 
agricultural region, shows a much higher rate of wages than Virginia proper. 
. . . 
Slave labor, for several years, has scarcely been known in. a large portion of 
y 6 
Missouri. 
The following is a showing of the rate of wages for these States: 
Question 1.* 
| 
iinounia ous eee ee sine epee. he eee $14 82 
WrestiViteinia. 22... 22205.ss2c5.scscecen 25 35 
URRMME 55965055 Sosdsasos6esecos sooses 20 23 
IMSS OUD ea oeci=f 2 cclcmcan oes ee cee = eee 26 75 
Question 2. 
£9 36 
16 47 
13 65 
18 08 
BOARD OF FARM LABORERS. 
Question 3. 
Cf 
www ee 
Sw 
op 0 09 2% 
Om — 
| 
Question 4. 
$12 09 
21 20 
17 06 
21 56 
The difference between wages without board and the rate allowed when board 
is furnished by the employer is naturally found to vary quite regularly with the 
‘cost of food products, the rate being higher in the east than in the west, and 
higher still in the territories of the Rocky mountains, but.less in California than 
in Massachusetts. 
corn meal and bacon, is of course ver 
y low. 
betweer labor with and without board may be too small. 
and supplying these laborers varies so much with circumstayces that our corres- 
pondents found it difficult to reduce their information to the system required. 
The following is a statement of these differences in monthly pay on account 
of board, averaging $6 26 in the southern States, and $12 51 for the other States : 
Sa Vee Seat ere Gh Selick 2 seu ony 
New Hampshire .......... 10 76 
Vermont; ..:. SO See T1 84 
MASSACHUSELIB = << i.< v0 esa he 16 58 
Hirogs sland <3. .% 2 ete) c 13 90 
Connecticut ......... Pe ert! bom. 
New York.i..... 
New Jersey...... 
Pennsylvania ...... 
Delaware. c.% cies 
Maryland... 2)... +.» <a 
Virginia .>... 
In the south the board of freedmen, consisting mainly of 
Possibly in Alabama the difference 
The mode of hiring 
eee wee ee 
11 68 
7 60 
* Question 1. Average wages per month (without board) of farm laborers hired for the 
year. 
year. 
season or a portion of the year. 
farm laborers hired for the season or a portion of the year. 
Question 2. Average wages per month (with board) of farm laborers hired for the 
Question 3. Average wages per month (without board) of farm laborers hired for the 
Question 4, Average wages per month (with board) of 
