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no thaw yet. Thermometer below zero on sixteen days in the month. Mean 
temperature of the month at 7 a. m., 3.26°. 
Council Grove, Kansas —F all of snow in March, three inches. On the 14th 
ground frozen six inches in depth. 
Atchison, Kansas—The first steamboat of the season arrived from St. Louis. 
14th—The Missouri river closed both above and below this city last night. 
This morning was the coldest of the winter. Fall of snow during the month, 
9.55 inches. 
Leavenworth, Kansas —On the 15th the thermometer rose from zero at 7 a. 
m., to 46° at 114 a.m.,a rise of forty-six degrees in four and a half hours. 
The cold on the night.of the 13th killed all the fruit-buds of the peaches and 
apricots, and also injured some of the grape-vines. 
Manhattan, Kansas—This is said to have been the coldest March known to 
the oldest settlers. Snow fell on ten different days, but in quantities too small 
to measure, except on the 12th and 13th, when it amounted to three inches. 
Glendale, Nebraska.—The 13th of March was the coldest day of the winter. 
31st —The first flock of wild geese noticed flying north. Nine and a half inches 
of snow fell during the month. 
Colorado City, Colorado—During the first week in March the thermometer 
indicated from twenty to thirty degrees below zero. Snow has fallen on al- 
most every day, but has not accumulated. There are now (March 28) about 
four inches on the ground from a fall of last night, and the snow is still falling. 
REMARKS. 
One of the years in which the coldest March occurred over nearly the whole 
country was in 1843, as appears from an examination of the meteorological 
tables published by the Surgeon General’s Office. A few selections from the 
stations where observations have been made for the longest series of years are 
hete given, showing the mean temperature of March for that year and the period 
of time over which the record extends. At all these stations the coldest March 
was in 1843: 
Fort Columbus, New York.......-... 1822 to 1859, mean temperature 30.31 
Fort McHenry, Maryland.......--.- 1831 to 1859 do. 30.14 
Hort, Monroe, Virginia. -..2> 2) .2--- = 1825 to 1859 do. 37.09 
Fort Moultrie, South Carolina.....-.-. 1823 to 1859 do. 48.82 
Fort Jessup, Louisiana..........---- 1823 to 1845 do. 41.60 
Fort Gibson, Indian territory...-...--- 1828 to 1854 do. 39.50 
Jefferson Barracks, Missouri...-.-.--- 1827 to 1854 do. 25.50 
Fort Brady, Michigan”). 2, seo -ee ee 1823 to 1854 do. 3.69 
Fort Snelling, Minnesota. .......----- 1820 to 1858 days 4.67 
Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.......---- 1830 to 1859 do. 17.45 
At Washington, Arkansas, according to the observations of Dr. Smith, pub- 
lished by the Smithsonian Institution, March, 1843, was the coldest month im 
the whole period of twenty years, (1840 to 1859,) except January, 1856. 
