255 
successful in the United States than in Europe; and will proceed on his mission 
accordingly. 
From Leeds, England, June 8, he writes briefly that he has visited the prin- 
cipal centres of manufacture, and had personal interviews with the heads of 
manufactories and mercantile houses connected with the business. ‘They assured 
him that they had demand for all the raw material that could be procured; and 
pronounced his American specimens the most beautiful they had seen—fully 
equal, if not superior, to the best imp prted. 
His next is from Hamburg, June 12, with numerous cards and circulars, all 
pertaining to the manufacture. 
The next is from Vienna, June 25, with representations and accounts of the 
various Jacquard looms there in operation, including a newly invented double 
Jacquard, by which both surfaces of the shawl are wrought at the same time. 
He states terms on which workmen and looms can be procured from there for 
the United States, and says they were astonished at the specimens of American 
Angora fleece he showed them. He concludes: “I am fully satisfied we can 
make it a success, more valuable than any other wool, fleece, or fabric now 
known.” 
The Jacquard loom, even the most improved, is cheap, ranging from $7 to 
$35 (gold) on the spot; but combing and spinning machinery must be procured 
from England. When the materials can be furnished in sufficient quantities, 
and the machinery is at work, doubtless American ingenuity will devise many 
improvements to cheapen and yet render the whole business more profitable. 
TEMPERATURE OF THE SOIL. 
As this subject is both interesting and important in agriculture, we give the 
results of observations recently made in Berlin, Prussia : 
| Depth in feet-—thermometer scale of Reaumur. 
4 feet | | 
over. |surface| 1’. ie ae QM, 5 S| ate: He 
December, 1864.-|- 2.23 |. 1.16 | 0.36). 0.73 |, 1.45.| 2.04 | 2.87 | See ES. 
January, 1865.---| 0.31 0.61 0,59 0. 02 We UE DD 1. 03 LeGe |e 2.60 sesso 
CDRA, cans ons 4.10 3.10 2. 00 1. 62 0. 25 0,27 0, 97 1.94 | 2.39 
March Se..5. {0 2. OF a39 | 0223) MOP 9 0523") MOLI PO 37") OLS) |) Ol 56" teless 
Atom sarees Se Sul SBM 4,58 4,41 3.39 3.95 2.59 3, 56 3. 08 
Mayes) Sait see 2 15.00 | 12.44 | 11.32 | 10.7] 9° AD), 192i 985267 (ae Ome: 
ATS Sa nece OCGGEe 12.29 | 10.76 | 10.51 | 10.54 | 10.15 | 10.01 9.54 | 9.19 8. 42 
JUlyeeeieeeias ca 17.70 | 15.78 | 14.80 | 14.26 | 13.21 | 12.90 | 11.95 | 11.00 9.83 
MUS ISU e ee tec 14.04 | 12.92°) 12.69) 12.63 | 12.28 | 12.24 | 11.83) 110537] 10. 82 
Seotember --.-.-.| 12.98 | 11.3 AU 20) 21. 159) ES 9102 968 ied 9,88 
Ontoher 22808405 Tater) Guid) GseOulie 7.30 | .7.71 | 8.00), (8.46) O00.) 9203 
November -..-.---- AVS ayn a ay ARI SD: |i ds Lo. ||\ Osos, | Ge NOG ede || weed 
Decemberc: aoc. ae |, 1.20 |) eee, O3,| 3.03 |. 4.02 |” 4 bats 36 1" 5. SI 
JaNiaELys LOOOseee Pomorie: oo il Menoonemen zo. | 3. 10) | Sad ltoanons 448°)" 4. 85 
February -...-.-- SOO od | Mena UmeMONGG|" 3.43) | B07: aege | 4,68 | 4.96 
CULTURE OF SUGAR BEETS. 
Mons. De Crombecque, of Belgian Agricultural Society, advocates the advan- 
tage of planting sugar beets in ridges as favorably influencing the growth of the 
plant, the leaves thereby not interrupting it. In strong soil it mellows a 
larger amount of fertile matter, while in light soil the moisture is absorbed in 
greater quantities, enabling the roots to go deeper into the subsoil. He says 
that “the culture on ridges requires less manure than on a flat surface, more 
