Substitute for Trench Ploughing. 87 



sow broad cast, and harrow in the direction of the fur- 

 rows.* 



Grain sown in this manner has many advantages. 

 The plants stand handsomely in rows, M^hich are a suffi- 

 cient guide for the reapers, and for sowing clover seed, 

 or gypsum ; and the whole field being in one entire land, 

 there is less ground lost, than when made in ridges; the 

 ground, moreover, is less liable to wash, and the surface 

 is handsomer for mowing than in the common way. A 

 little fine mould, generally rolls into the furrow behind 

 the shovel, which makes an excellent bed for the grains 

 of wheat to push out their roots in, and the harrow rest- 

 ing on the ridges, levels them, and throws a proper 

 portion of mould on the grain, nearly as light as if it 

 were riddled. Thus the ground is levelled, but the soil 

 being lighter in the rows where the seed lies, it will 

 settle a little, and the plants being somewhat below the 

 general surface, they are not so subject to injury, by 



-*The annexed cuts will explain the difference between the 

 common ploughing, and the new mode. 



Common Ploughing, 



New Mode. 



