296 The Philosophical Socitfy of Glasgoic. 



of limit goes south-east by Clai-kstone, Newarthill, Newmains, and 

 Lawmuir, to Netherbuni again. The quaHty of this coal is first-class. 

 In the Glasgow district it is used chiefly for household and manufac- 

 turing purposes. In some of the collieries near Motherwell it is harder 

 in its nature, and used extensively for manufacturing and smelting 

 iron. At Overtown and Father it is slightly burned, and is rendered 

 valuable for locomotive purposes. Estimated area still to work, 12,400 

 acres. 



Ptotshaw aisd Maest Coax. — A t 67 Fatlwms — Average Thickness of 

 Pyotshaw, 48 Inches — Average Thickness of Main Coal, 60 Inches. — 

 These two seams often lie close together, as in the districts of Drum- 

 peller, near Coatbridge ; "Whiterigg and Ballochnie, near Airdrie ; and 

 at Newarthill, Morningside, and Wishaw, forming one seam of coal, 

 ranging from seven to nine feet in thickness. They are also frequently 

 found separated by an intervening stratum of shale, ranging in thick- 

 ness from two feet to si.x or seven fathoms, as at Bredisholm, near 

 Baillieston, and at Coatbridge, where it may be said to exist in its 

 best state. 



These seams of coal (with the exception of the Pyotshaw, which does 

 not exist in the Glasgow district) extend over a rather less area than 

 the Ell coal seam last described. The Pyotshaw is the uppermost of 

 the two, and is a strong Splint coal, ranging from three to five feet in 

 thickness, and is much used for iron-smelting and other manufacturing 

 purposes. 



The Main coal seam around Glasgow is a fine, clean, soft coal, rang- 

 ing in thickness from 3J to 5 feet. Around Coatbridge and Airdrie it 

 is also of fine quality, and well suited for household and manufacturing 

 purposes. At Springbank, near Glasgow, part of this seam changes 

 into a Parrot coal, and is used at the neighbouring gas works as a gas- 

 yielding coal. The Parrot coal is not of first-class quality, and its 

 extent does not exceed thirty acres. Estimated area still to work — 

 Of Pyotshaw coal, 3,942 acres ; of Main coal, 5,750 acres. 



Humph Coal. — At 76 Fathoms — Average Thickness, 20 Incites. — 

 This seam cannot be calculated upon as contributing, or as being likely 

 to contribute, much to the general supply of coal for the district. It 

 extends over a considerable area as a thin coal (divided in the centre by 

 a parting of shale and fire-clay), but occasionally thickens into a work- 

 able seam of an aggregate thickness of about twenty inches. At Dal- 

 marnock, near Glasgow, and at some of the adjoining colheries, it was 

 worked extensively for some time, and used at some of the manufac- 

 tories situated on the river Clyde, to which it was conveyed in boats. 

 At Airdrie it is generally thin, but has been worked to assist in the 



