MEMOIR OF DAXIEL TREADWELL. 371 



teeth of the small cylinder, and are transferred to the great C3linder, and revolve 

 with it, being pressed down upon the cylinder by the action of the rack. When a 

 sufficient quantity has accumulated on the cylinder to fill its teeth, the macliine 

 is stopped, the rack is thrown back, and the hemp taken off from the teeth of 

 the large cylinder in a fleece. It may then be drawn into a roving. The patent 

 for this machine is dated August 18, 1834. 



The next process is the forming of a roping, roving, or slim- of a proper size, from 

 the fleece of hemp prepared by the hatchel, as just described. This is effected by 

 a machine called by Mr. Treadwell in his specification " a Belted Roving Machine," 

 which is shown in Figure 1, on the next page. 



B B are two cylinders, the axes of which run in the frame A A. e e is a 

 hatchel belt. To form the belt several rows of points are fixed into plates of 

 iron ; the two outer points are formed into pins longer than the points, and upon 

 the top there is a head. Other plates of iron, or clearers, longer than the first, 

 and pierced with holes through which the points pass, are secured upon the outer 

 pins, so that they can be moved freely up and down upon them. The plates bearing 

 the points and pins are secured to a leather strap. This strap is supported upon a 

 ledge on the inside of the rail f f, and movable upon it. The longer set of plates 

 or clearers rests upon the upper edge of the rail f f, which is curved upward at 

 the end on the right, next the head of the machine, so that the clearer as it advances 

 is raised up to the head of the outer pins, and as it passes the pulley B remains in 

 that position until it reaches, at the opposite end, the pulley b, when it is forced, 

 or again falls down, upon the hatchel belt. Above this belt are the two pulleys 1 1, 

 over which runs the bobbin-belt, H H, bearing wooden cylinders, or bobbins, alter- 

 nating with the rows of points in the hatchel. J is a gear-wheel on the shaft 

 of the cylinder B. K is a pinion driving the same. N is a pulley on a shaft, 

 with proper gearing at its opposite end to drive the cog-wheel pinion k and the 

 wheel J. 



The head of the machine, at the right, is driven by the cog-wheel p, Fig. 2, 

 which is geared with the wheel o, and drives the whole machine, d, c, i, j, k, and/ 

 are pulleys over which run two broad (ten-inch) endless bands, called drawing-belts 

 or apron-belts. The pulley / is furnished with a sliding frame, h, and a screw and 

 thumb-nut, I, for tightening the band. The endless band, n, moving in the direc- 

 tion of the arrows, passes over and encompasses successively the pullej's d, i, k, j\ 

 and none others. A similar belt, m, passes in the direction of the arrow over and 

 encompasses the pulleys c,f, d, and none others. The band m is tightened by the 



