of Lake Superior. 23 



cascades, and three rapids ; the first of the former being nine 

 miles from Lake Superior, and the largest only 15 feet high. It 

 issues from a round lake, 60 miles in diameter, in a barren coun- 

 try of low primitive rocks. In Canada this lake is chiefly known 

 by the name of " Nipigon," but the servants of the Hudson's 

 Bay Company call it Lnke St. Anne. 1 learnt the above par- 

 ticulars from Mr. Mackenzie, Superintendent of the Hudson's 

 Bay Company's Fort in the above lake. 



I have marked Gravel Point on the map, from its being a well- 

 known resting-place. Its exact position is not to be discerned oa 

 so small a chart ; but it is near the western angle of Nipigon Bay. 

 Its name refers to the shingle flat constituting it. 



Twenty-one miles and a half south-west from Gravel Point, 

 are the Mammelle Hills, giving a name to the district included 

 between this point and the east end of the Great Traverse to the 

 foot of Thunder Hill, from the last island of the clusters about 

 the mouth of Black Bay. The Mammelles, stricily speaking, are 

 two mamillary eminences, about 500 feet high, and close together. 

 They are the southern extremity of a ridge, (everywhere else 

 lower,) coming from the interior of the great promontory dividing; 

 Nipigon and Black Bays, and which is probably a peninsula. 



The district of the Mammelles is extremely intricate. The main 

 consists of numerous and deep bays, with an interior full of hi<^h 

 and very steep hills and narrow valleys. It is beset with 

 islands of all dimensions, advancing several miles into the lake. 

 When of considerable elevation, (for usually they are low,) their 

 summits are flattened, and rise in stair-like ledges. In so con- 

 fused an assemblage of islands, there are of course several canoe 

 routes ; an inner one, through what is called the " Stag's-horn 

 Narrow," possesses scenery of great interest. Close to the outer 

 and shorter route, there is a singular rock, sixteen miles south- 

 west from Gravel Point, named, (like an island in Nipigon Bay,) 

 " La Grange." It is on the south end of a low island, which 

 here swells into a mound of debris 30 or 40 feet high. On this 

 seemingly-artificial eminence a large square mass of rock rises at 

 o^ce perpendicularly about 90 feet, rent at the top into rud« t^at^ 



