Philosophical Transactions. 123 
2. On Fluid Chlorine. By M. Faraday, Chemical Assistant in the 
Royal Institution. 
[Communicated by Sir H. Davy, Bart., Pres. R.S.] 
This paper describes Mr. Faraday’s first step in the important 
series of experiments, which led to the condensation of the gases. 
He prepared some dry hydrate of chlorine, at a low temperature, 
and introduced it into a glass tube, which was hermetically closed. 
Being placed in water at 100, the substance fused, the tube be- 
came filled with a bright yellow atmosphere, and on examination 
was found to contain two fluid substances: the one was of a faint 
yellow colour, and the other a heavy bright yellow fiuid, lying at 
the bottom of the former, without any apparant tendency to mix 
with it. This fluid was easily distilled in a bent tube, and sepa- 
rated from the former. When the whole was allowed to cool, 
neither of the fluids solidified at a temperature above 34°, and the 
tal portion not even at 0°. When the two were mixed together, 
ey gradually combined at temperatures below 60°, and formed 
the same substance as that at first introduced. If, when the fluids 
were separated, the tube was cut in the middle, the parts flew 
asunder with an explosion, the whole of the yellow portion dis- 
appeared, and there was a powerful atmosphere of chlorine pro- 
duced. The pale portion remained, and proved to be a weak 
solution of chlorine in water. 
* The result of this experiment was confirmed by condensing per- 
fectly dry chlorine by a syringe, and then exposing it to a low 
temperature; it was thus readily made to assume the liquid form. 
~ Fluid chlorine appears very limpid and fluid, and is excessively 
volatile at common pressure. Upon cooling a portion to 0° and 
then opening the tube, a part immediately fiew off, leaving the rest 
so cooled by evaporation as to remain a fluid under the atmosphe- 
rie pressure. Mr. Faraday thinks that the temperature could not 
have been above — 40° in this case. 
He calculates the specific gravity of fluid chlorine at 1:33. 
| In a note to this paper, the President of the Royal Society shews 
that these results will evidently lead to other researches of the 
same kind, and mentions, that by sealing muriate of ammonia and 
sulphuric acid in a glass tube, and causing them to act upon each 
other, he had procured liquid muriatic acid. 
3, On the Motions of the Eye, in Illustration of the Uses of the 
Muscles and Nerves of the Orbit. By Charles Bell, Esq. 
{Communicated by Sir H. Davy, Bart., P.R.S.] 
This is a highly interesting paper, and, together with the second 
part, inserted in another part of the volume, is calculated to ex- 
