Proceedings in Egypt and Nubia. 57 



have been performed, seven other small stones are picked up 

 from the ground near their tents in which they have slept, 

 washed as before, and carried to the pillars, against the central 

 one of which they are thrown, and this completes the duty of the 

 day. 



On the twelfth of the moon, they collect twenty-one of these 

 pebbles, which are purified by washing them as before, when 

 the pilgrim revisiting the pillars, first throws seven of them 

 against the third, then another seven against the central one, 

 and, lastly, the remaining seven against the first, deriving that 

 distinction from its being nearer than the others to the holy 

 city. 



The ceremonies observed at Arafat and Munya, and, indeed, 

 all the duties of the sacrifice, are thus finished, and the performer 

 of them now returns to Mecca, resumes the Haram, walks seven 

 times round the Kaaba within the Great Mosque, and kisses its 

 black stone, and after his ablutions and prayers within the build- 

 ing, walks again seven times over the space without, which they 

 call Maraoot. 



To this succeeds immediately another duty, that of visiting 

 the Hummahra, a small building situated at about an hour and 

 half distant from Mecca toward the west, having two isolated 

 pillars before it, at the distance of thirty or forty paces from the 

 building, through which he must pass. At the Hummahra he 

 prays, re-passes through the pillars, and returns to Mecca, ex- 

 claiming in the course of his route, " O Lord God, there is none 

 who divides with thee the government of the universe ; and the 

 world and all that it contains are subject to thy sole and un- 

 shared dominion !" 



At his return to the holy city, another visit must be paid to 

 the Great Mosque, another seven times repeated circuit made of 

 the Kaaba, and its black stone kissed, and another race be seven 

 times run upon the space of Maraoot, after which the Haram 

 may be finally thrown aside, and the pilgrim assume the name 

 and character of a Hadji. 



Women are permitted to> perform their pilgrimage as well as 

 men, "^hich can only be rendered cfFcctuul or complete by theic 



