or Fossil Elephant. 107 



' The escarpment of ice was 35 to 40 toises high ; and, ac- 

 cording to the report of the Tungusians, the animal was, 

 when they first saw it, seven toises below the surface of the 

 ice, Sfc. 



' On arriving with the Mammoth at Borchaya, our first care 

 was to separate the remaining flesh and ligaments from the 

 bones, which were then packed up. When I arrived at Ja- 

 kutsk, I had the good fortune to re-purchase the tusks, and 

 from thence expedited the whole to St. Petersburg.' 



The skeleton is now put up in the museum of the academy, 

 and the skin still remains attached to the head and the feet. 



The Mammoth is described by M. Cuvier as a diiFerent species 

 from either of the two elephants living at the present day, the 

 African or the Indian, It is distinguished from them by the 

 teeth, and by the size of the tusks, which are from ten to 

 fifteen feet long, much curved, and have a spiral turn outwards. 

 The alveoli of the tusks are also larger, and are produced 

 farther. The neck is shorter, the spinal processes larger, all 

 the bones of the skeleton are stronger, and the scabrous sur- 

 faces for the insertion of the muscles more prominent than in 

 the other species. The skin being covered with thick hair, in- 

 duces M. Cuvier to consider that it was the inhabitant of a cold 

 region. The form of the head is also different from that of the 

 living species, as well as the arrangement of the lines of the 

 enamel of the teeth : but for these and other particulars, see 

 the Memoirs of M. Cuvier in the Annates du Museum d'Histoire 

 Naturelle. 



The Mammoth more nearly resembles the Indian than the 

 African species of elephant. 



* A part of the skin and some of the hair of this animal was 

 sent by Mr. Adams to Sir Joseph Banks, who presented them 

 to the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons. The hair is 

 entirely separated from the skin, excepting in one very small 

 part, where it still remains firmly attached, it consists of two 

 sorts, common hair and bristles, and of each there are several 



