174 MisceUaiicoiis InleUigencc. 



farthest north, growing beyond the 70th degree ; tlie pine 

 reaches to the 69th ; the fir-tree to the 68th; the osier, willow, 

 aspien, and quince, to the 66th; the cherry and apple-tree to 

 the 63d ; the oak to the 60th ; and the beach to the 57th ; 

 while the lime-tree, ash, elm, poplar, and walnut, are only to 

 be found in Scania. 



2. Simultaneous existence of Salt and Fresh Water Mollusca, 

 in the Gulf of Livonia. — The difficulty experienced in Geology, 

 of explaining the simultaneous existence in certain strata of 

 salt and fresh water shells, and also the importance, perhaps 

 exaggerated, which many persons have attached to this dis- 

 covery, induced M. Beudant, some years since, to undertake 

 experiments, with the view of ascertaining if it were possible 

 to habituate marine shell mollusca to live in fresh water, and, 

 vice versd, fresh water shell mollusca to live in salt water. It 

 appeared from the results obtained, that these changes could 

 really take place, but the mixture of these two sorts of animals 

 in the same water had not been observed in nature. M. de 

 Freminville, lieutenant of a vessel, a zealous cultivator of the 

 sciences of Zoology and Geology, has announced, in a letter to 

 M. Brongniart, dated February 11, 1819, this curious dis- 

 covery. — " The lesser degree of saltness of the waters of the 

 Baltic Sea is more sensible in the Gulf of Livonia than any 

 where else. It is such that the fresh water mollusca live 

 there very well ; and I have found on the shores of Unios, Cy- 

 clades, and Anodontes, living intermingled with carduums, 

 tcllcncs, and Venus's, shell fish which generally live in the 

 most salt waters." — Journal dc Physique, July 17, 1812. 



3. Singidar Anecdote of the Spider, with Observations on the 

 Utility of Ants in destroying Venomous Insects. By Captain 

 Bagnold. 



Desirous of ascertaining the natural food of the scorpion, I 

 enclosed one (which measured three quarters of an inch from 

 the head to the insertion of the tail) in a wide-mouthed phial, 

 together with one of those large spiders, so common in the West 



