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country has recorded its predominauce in great works of public uti]it}% 

 such as improvements in irrigation, or in temples and palaces, the 

 commercial government of commercial England has hitherto prepared 

 no such records ; and were her authority to be overthrown to-morrow, 

 future antiquaries may searcli in vain for any memorial of her sway, 

 other than traditions of the salt monopoly, that metempsychosis of the 

 odious gahelle. Here, thou, is a country in which numerous warlike 

 nations hold successive sway, and are followed hj a race of merchant 

 princes. The warriors, each in turn, endeavour to develop the material 

 resources of the country they have subdued, or to record their wealth 

 and power. The merchant princes, under the influence of an unmiti- 

 gated commercial spirit, grind from their conquest every advantage 

 personal to themselves, and, until recently, have felt no compulsion to 

 benefit the source of their own wealth and power by any reproductive 

 works ; and have deferred their patronage of the fine arts, whatever that 

 may be, until tbe}^ return home. 



Then look at England's public monuments in St. Paul's and West- 

 minster Abbey ; exclude the warriors and the statesmen, and how 

 many remain ? Look at this town of Liverpool, the greatest commercial 

 emporium of the country, and who are the men its people have delighted 

 to honour ? Of twenty-five docks, nine testify loyal attachment to the 

 reigning family ; they are the Clarence, Victoria, Prince's, George's, 

 Albert, King's, Queen's, Coburg, and Brunswick ; three commemorate 

 former I'epresentatives in parliament, two of whom happened to be states- 

 men of eminence, they are the Canning, Huskisson, and Sandoi^ docks ; 

 four have names of purely local signification, they ai'e the Salthouse, 

 Union, Harrington, and Toxteth docks ; three are said to be grateful 

 aclmowledgmeuts of services from peers and local landowners, they 

 are the Egertou, Stanley, and Salisbury docks ; one, the Bramley- 

 Moore dock, is a token of respect to a late chairman of the trust ; and 

 the names of the remainder, five in number, are the tribute paid by 

 commerce to successful war ; they are the Waterloo, the Trafalgar, the 

 Wellington, the Nelson, and the Collingwood docks ; not one com- 

 memorating a man of science or literature, a philanthropist, nor even 

 maritime discoverer. 



There are five public specimens of the sculptor's art in Liverpool ; 

 they are George III., Huskisson, Canning, Pioscoe, and Nelson : one 

 sovereign, three parliamentary representatives, and a naval hero. It 

 does not appear to be the nature of commerce to be grateful to her own 

 heroes. Columbus may be sufficiently noted in the pages of history, 

 though another name than his has been bestowed upon the new world, 



