114 



Butler, Earl of Wiltshire, and a considerable army, as supporters of 

 Henry VI., and on the 2nd February in that year, fought at the battle 

 of Mortimer's Cross, against the Yorkists, under the command of 

 Edward, Earl of March, afteiTvards King Edward IV.; but the Lan- 

 castrian army was completely defeated, and the two earls were com- 

 pelled to escape by flight. It may be fairly presumed that he was not 

 present at the battle of Towton, in 1461 , as he was not included in the 

 list of those persons who were attainted by the act of parliament of 

 let Edward IV., 1461, (Rot. Pari., vol. 5, page 477), for taking a part 

 in that battle; yet he seems, nevertheless, to have been exerting 

 himself in arms for Henry VI. about that time, because in a subsequent 

 part of the same act of parliament, he was attainted for having, with 

 others, as alleged, at different times since the fourth of March, in that 

 year, incited the enemies of King Edward IV. to enter the realm and 

 to commence hostilities against him ; and also for having made war 

 against the king " at a place called Tutehill, besid' the towne of Car- 

 narvan, in Wales, on Friday next after the Fest of Translacion of Seint 

 Edward last past, rered werre ayenst the same our soverayne lord, 

 purposying then and there to have proceeded to his destruction of fals 

 and cruell violence ayenst their feith and liegeaunce." From that 

 passage it can scarcely be doubted that an engagement between some 

 forces of the hostile factions took place near Carnarvon, in 1461, but 

 I am not aware that any historian has handed down to us any account 

 of it, or even noticed it, an additional proof, if any were wanting, that 

 much more bloodshed and misery were experienced in this coimtiy 

 during the wars of the Roses than our old annalists and chroniclers 

 have recorded. The Earl of Pembroke lost his rank, his possessions, 

 in a word, his all, by the attainder, for all that he had was confiscated. 

 His earldom was conferred upon WUham Herbert, of Ragland, and 

 Jasper Tudor became an outlaw and a fugitive ; and, as is very forcibly 

 expressed by Baker, in his Chronicles, "The Earl of Pembroke went 

 from country to country, Uttle better than a vagabond." Again the 

 scene suddenly changed. In 1470, William Herbert, the rival Eail 

 of Pembroke, was captured by the Lancastrians, at the battle of 

 Edgecott, in Northamptonshire, (usually called the battle of Ban- 

 bury, from its contiguity to that town), and was beheaded. Jasper 

 Tudor, who stiU claimed the title of Earl of Pembroke, lauded in the 

 west with George, Duke of Clarence, (who then sided with the Earl of 

 Warwick, in the Lancastrian interest), and lung Edward was driven 

 from his throne and kingdom by the Earl of Warwick. Jasper Tudor 

 was shortly afterwards restored to his rank and title, and a second time 

 became Earl of Pembroke, resumed his possessions in Wales, and 



