PARNELL, AYYANGAR, RAMIAH, AND AYYANGAR 201 
Several other measurements were made, including length and breadth of 
leaf and of grain. The leaf below the flag on three good tillers was measured 
and the average taken for each plant. ‘There was no overlapping of the two 
groups as regards breadth of leaf, all the dwarfs being broader than the 
broadest normal. In length there was some overlapping but the averages for 
the dwarf and normal groups showed considerable difference. In grain- 
measurements there was no appreciable difference in breadth but a large 
difference, with no overlapping, in length. The figures below show the 
averages for the two groups, together with the parents, of the three 
measurements showing the greatest differences. 
1005 PARENTS 3 
5 lees ae Normal Dwarf ] 
Length of leaf, cm. -. | 46°1 34°6 : 45°7 38 "4 y 
Breadth ,, 4 Soa 1-70 vu 1-74 
Length of grain, mm. ove 9°77 | 6°50 9°28 | 6°36 
Other crosses with the dwarf type have now been made for further veri- 
fication with exact measurements. 
4, RICE COLOUR. 
Red rice. 
It has already been shown, Part I, p. 100, that in many cases red rice is 
simply dominant to white giving a 3: / ratio in F,. 
Mention was also made, p. 103, of a family, No. 617 N, that had given a 
9:7 ratio of red : white, followed by a series of varying ratios in a later genera- 
tion. No explanation of these varying ratios has yet been discovered, though 
two further generations, comprising a large number of families, have been 
grown. It appears, however, that at least two factors are concerned. Thus all 
lots from a family giving approximately a 3: / ratio gave ratios ranging round 
3; 1in the next generation, whereas lots from families giving a 9: 7 ratio 
gave a wide range of ratios varying from 9:3-3to 9; 11, Further investi- 
gation into the possible causes of such varying ratios is necessary before any 
explanation can be given. 
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