M. MITRA 235 
a little curved and narrower and so differ somewhat from jowar Helminthos- 
portum and maize Helminthosporium from Burma, Almora and Dharwar. The 
external characters, 7.¢., spot formation and colour, etc., in Burma, Almora, 
Dharwar, Pusa and Malda specimens are the same, but in culture Pusa maize 
Helminthosperium has spores which are not so curved. 
Conidiophores on jowar are more straight and bent at the tip but in the 
case of maize some are straight while others bent in a zig-zag manner. Maize 
conidiophores are slender and longer while those on jowar are thicker. 
CULTURES. 
A careful search was made in Pusa and in the neighbouring places in 
1918-20 but no Helminthosporitm was found on this kost. Later on it was 
obtained from the leaves of jewar from the Punjab (Amritsar and Lyallpur) 
where this fungus is genera!ly found after the rains. The culture was taken 
as in the case cf maize fungus. 
Spore germinaticn is like that of maize Helminthosporium and needs no 
description. 
‘rewth in different euliural media. The fungus was cultivated on a large 
number of culture media, and in many cases this fungus and maize Helminthos- 
porium were grown together on the same kind of media for comparison. The 
fungus can grow well on mest of the media tried and produces a large number 
of spores. 
The fungus resembles maize Helminthosporium in most respects. The 
formation of conidia on conidiophores and the other details are somewhat like 
those of maize Helminthosporium. Though this fungus resembles the cne on 
maize in the formation of spores, ete., and produces the same colour on the 
medium, there is a constant difference, viz., that jowar Helminthosporium never 
produces a copicus aerial growth on any of the media tried, and there is always a 
tendency tc produce more of submerged and creeping mycelium, while in tke 
case of maize there is a gocd aerial growth. On the other hand, this fungus 
always produces a very large number of conidia and sometimes the spore 
formation is so abundant that the contents of the mycelium are almcst used 
up. The following media were tried :— 
1. Nutrient glucose agar. Growth almost submerged and of dark greyish green colour 
with very little aerial growth. The growth is little more at 30°C. than at 20-22°C. with a good 
deal of spore formation. Conidia on this medium are 70 to 1225 by 17-5 to 22-7 while those 
of maize Helminthosporium on the same medium are 63 to 126 by 15°8 to 22-7 in diameter. 
2. French bean agar. The growth on this medium resembles very much that of maize 
Helminthosporium but jowar Helminthosporium is darker. The growth at 30°C, is more than 
that at 20-22°C. There is a good deal of spore formation. 
3. Wheat-meal agar. The growth is like that of maize fungus but darker. Later on 
submerged and creeping dark greyish green mycelium is formed at 30-32°C. In the case of 
2 
