240  HELMINTHOSPORIUM SPP. ON CEREALS AND SUGARCANE IN INDIA 
and barley about 40 per cent. Jowar Helminthosporium has very little effect 
on rice, and bajra is immune to its attack. 
4, Summary. 
1. Helminthosperium is found on almost all cereals and sugarcane in 
India. The present paper deals with species on Zea Mays (maize) and Sorghum 
vulgare )jowar). . 
2. H, turcicum Pass. on maize and jowar is morphologically identical. 
Both strains show some difference in culture, and it has been observed that in 
Bihar Helminthosporivm is found only on maize and not on jowar, while in the 
Punjab it is recorded only on jowar. It is these two facts that lead the writer 
to believe that the fungus on jowar is a different strain from that on maize. 
3. H. turcicum Pass. on maize is found in almost all countries where maize 
‘is grown and in Bihar it is one of the important diseases of this crop. The 
fungus is found both on leaves and on male inflorescence and its parasitic nature 
is proved by inoculation experiments on both hosts. 
4. H. turcicum Pass. can be grown on a large number of media but the 
perfect stage of this fungus has not been observed on any of the media. The 
fungus prefers a reaction of 0 to +5 Fuller’s scale. 
5. The infection takes place either through a stoma or by piercing the 
cuticle and entering the cell below. 
6. Cross-inoculation experiments show that both the strains of Helmin- 
thosporium on maize and on jowar can infect maize, jJowar, wheat, barley, cats 
and sugarcane. The inoculations on bajra give negative’ results and those 
on rice were doubtful. 
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