SMALL FRUITS. 29 



the plant deep enough, and hold the plant until the fork is re- 

 moved, when the soil will fall back on the roots; step b}- the side 

 of the plant to firm the soil around it. Insert the fork one step 

 from the last plant, and so on to the end of the row. That will leave 

 your plants in rows as your corn was. 



How to cultivate. Start the cultivator as soon as the plants are 

 all set; go just as near as you can to the row and not cover up the 

 plants, and continue once a week until frost, going- close to the 

 plants every time. Hoe when needed. 



When the ground is frozen hard enough to hold up a loaded 

 wagon, cover with wheat straw thick enough so j'ou can once in a 

 while see a strawberry leaf sticking up through. As soon as the 

 frost is out in the spring, rake the straw off the plants in between 

 the rows, bvit be sure to leave enough straw on the plants to 

 keep the fruit clean. Have part of the bed covered for ten days 

 or more, for the first ones uncovered will blossom and may be killed 

 by ffost, while the others ten days after may miss it, and they will 

 be a little later and may prolong the season. 



Set out a new bed every spring. 



RASPBERRIES. 



J. S. HARRIS, LA CRESCENT. 

 [Read at the annual meeting of the Southern Minnesota Horticultural Society.] 



The strawberry may be the most popular fruit, but the raspberry 

 is second to it onlj- in value. The raspberry has perennial roots 

 producing biennial woody stems that reach a height of three to 

 seven feet, varieties differing greatly in the height to which they 

 grow. Usually the canes or stems do not bear fruit until the second 

 year, and that season ends their life, their place being* taken by a 

 new growth from the root. It is valuable as a dessert fruit, very 

 wholesome, and its agreeable subacid flavor pleasing to most tastes, 

 scarcely less so than the strawberry, and it is even more sought 

 after for making preserves, jams and jellies, and at the present time 

 the fruit is used extensively by confectioners for making syrups and 

 in families for shrub, wines and vinegar to produce refreshing sum- 

 iner drinks. Succeeding the strawberry at the beginning of the 

 summer, when there is coinparatively little other fruit, it becomes 

 one of the most invaluable. It is so easily grown that it should 

 have a place in every garden, in village and on farm. 



The best soil for raspberries is a rich, deep, sandy loam, rather 

 moist than dry. If not naturally rich, it should be made so by the 

 use of manures, but need scarcely be made as rich as for strawber- 

 ries. The manure from neat cattle and hogs is preferable, because 

 cooler, more lasting and a better returner of moisture. The ground 

 should be prepared by deep plowing or digging and thorough pul- 

 verizing. We like an open, sunny place for growing them, but they 

 are more accommodating to circumstances than some other fruits 

 and will do very well when partly shaded on the north or east side of 

 a fence or even between the rows of trees in the orchard, if they are 



