ANTHRACNOSE OF THE RASPBERRY. 137 



portion through which the sap is conveyed in the process of growth. 

 Thus, nearly the same effect ia produced on the cane by the action 

 of the fungus as would result to a living tree if girdled by the knife 

 or a.x; the living tissues of the canes are prevented from properly 

 performing their work, and as a result become sickly; the leaves do 

 not attain more than half their r.ornial size, and if fruit is formed at 

 all it never reaches its full development but ripens prematurely or 

 simply dries up and is worthless. If the young canes are not killed 

 the first year, the continued action of the fungus on the leaves and 

 branches prevents the formation of fruit the succeeding year. 



"The leaves and leaf stems are usuallj' one-sided and not fully de- 

 veloped. This is caused bj' the fungus attacking only one side of 

 the leaf stalk and some veins of the leaves. The characteristic spots 

 are soon developed on parts of the leaves. These spots on the 

 leaves are not as large as on the canes but usually closer together.- 

 The injury e.xtends through the tissue of the leaves, and frequently 

 the diseased part separates from the surrounding healthy part, and 

 the leaf becomes riddled with holes." 



At the present time, it is destructive over a very large part of our 

 country. Many experiments have been conducted seeking to find 

 some remedy or prevention which will staj' its ravages. I have 

 written to several of our leading horticulturists throughout the in- 

 fected section and will give below some of their replies. 



Professor L. H. Bailey, of Cornell Experiment Station, N. Y.. gives 

 the following in Bulletin No. lU): 



"Anthracnose, or cane rust, is much to be feared. It is not very 

 apparent on the plant, and it maj- spread into all portions of the 

 patch before it is detected. In the form of the disease which the 

 grower needs to be able to recognize, there are various pits, or scars, 

 on the young cane, each one probably a distinct infection of the dis- 

 ease. These discolored pits interfere seriously with the health of 

 the plant, causing the leaves to turn yellow and the canes to die if 

 the trouble is extensive. Much of the drjing up of berries on the 

 bushes is due to attacks of anthracnose on the canes or near the 

 clusters, and some of the deaths of plants commonly ascribed to 

 winter killing is attributable to the same cause. The disease is par- 

 ticularly bad upon the blackcaps and the Shaffer. It first appears 

 very early in the season upon the newly starting shoots, and it gen- 

 erally continues to attack the shoots as they increase in height. 

 The first indication of the attack which the grower will notice is the 

 presence of small purplish discolorations on the canes. The disease 

 also attacks the leaves. 



"It would seem as if the disease could be prevented bj' keeping the 

 growing canes covered with Bordeaux mixture. If this is tried, the 

 fungicide should be applied whilst the shoots are less than six 

 inches high, and the application must be repeated every week or ten 

 days until the cane has grown to a height at which the disease will 

 not injure it. Green has been able to keep plants free from the dis- 

 ease with both Bordeaux mixture and ammoniacal carbonate of 

 copper.* He advises four spraj'ings. one of them before growth be- 

 gins, and the last just before blossoming time. Beech has had sim- 



• Hull. 0. Vol. iv, Ohio E.xp. Sta. UU (ls91 1. 



