262 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



nozzle pointing forwards and toward the vines and working it up 

 and down to cover the whole face of the trellis. 



After a heavy shower, it would be advisable to spray at once, as 

 much of the solution will have been washed off. Remember, this is 

 not a remed}' but a preventative; if the spores have obtained a foot 

 hold, it will not kill them, but if they find the preparation when they 

 alight they will die. So the growing leaves as they come out must be 

 well coated, especially on the underside. 



It is well to spray all varieties of grapes, but other standard kinds 

 do not require it as much as those named. SECY. 



Fruit Crosses at the Iowa ExperimEx\t Station.— The bulle- 

 tin, No.32, just issued by the station contains a brief record by Profs. 

 J. L. Budd and N. E. Hansen, of the progress being made in the ex- 

 periment of crossing fruits and flowers, largel}^ begun in 1892. It 

 includes the Russian rosa rugosa, gooseberries, strawberries, grapes 

 plums, pears and apples. 



Of the rosa rugosa, which are crossed with pollen from the best 

 garden roses, engravings are shown of two very double seedlings 

 resulting from a cross with the General Jacquiminot. Many have not 

 yet flowered. The gooseberries vised in the experiment are wild 

 plants from the Turtle Mt. region of Manitoba, fertilized with the 

 Champion only last spring. The resulting seedlings are, therefore) 

 only one year old. The purpose of the cross is hardier plants and 

 freedom from mildew. 



The experiments with strawberries are being made with crosses of 

 the cultivated varieties with natives from Manitoba, combining bril- 

 liant color and remarkable fragrance. 



In grapes the crosses are between cultivated varieties pollenized 

 in some cases with the w^ild grape of Iowa. 



The hybridizing of plums has been carried on at that station some 

 eight 3'ears, and eleven promising crosses are described, in most of 

 which (all but three) the Desota is one of the parents; the Rolling- 

 stone and Wolf are named three times, Maquedota twice, the Speer 

 three times and Japan plums as the male parent three times. 



As to pears the crosses are of Mongolian Snow pear with the Kur- 

 skaya and Crassone Bergamot. The resulting trees are still too 

 young to fruit, but many of them are promising. 



Eighteen varieties of hybrid apples are described, in which Rus- 

 sian parentage figures largely. Only one has j'et fruited, a cross of 

 the Silken Leaf (female) and Osceola (male), which the report says 

 "confirms the belief expressed in 1891, viz.: that hardiness follows 

 largely the mother variety, and that the fruit most frequentlj' is 

 modified by the male parent." 



The results of these experiments will be looked for here with great 

 interest, as thej' will be of nearly equal value to the people of this 

 state. They at least point out the way. 



