326 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



business principles requires a business man, and a competent busi- 

 ness manager will not be easily induced to accept a state position 

 which does not bring him an equivalent income to what he can earn 

 in private business. 



"The plan of having the state control large forest areas, managed 

 less with a view to largest money returns but to continuit}' and 

 permanentl}' favorable conditions, is the only promising one, as 

 ever}' European state has finally found out. It is reasonable that 

 the private owner can only be expected to look after the greatest 

 immediate money returns on his investment, while the state, the 

 coinmunity alone, being long lived and permanent, can wait for 

 profits, can manage with other views than the pocket, can consider 

 the beneficial influences upon cliiuate, waterflow and general 

 cultural conditions, which a forest area exerts." 



(Comments and suggestions on this subject are requested 

 from any who are interested. Sec'y. ) 



A DELAWARE VINEYARD. 



C. W. SAMPSON, EUREKA. 



In order to have a successful Delaware vineyard, you must, in the 

 first place, have the right kind of soil and the right kind of location. 

 I consider the location the most important in the raising of the Dela- 

 ware grape. In this state you should locate your vineyard on or 

 near a lake or other body of water. The reason for this is that the 

 water in the lake will remain warm while the atmosphere is cold 

 enough to freeze, and by locating the vineyard on the south or east of 

 the lake the cold north wind will blow this wariu vapor over your 

 vineyard and protect it from the frost, both in late spring and early 

 fall. The severe frosts we had this last spring did not injure my 

 vines in the least. 



I consider the best soil for the Delaware grape in this state to be a 

 sandy loam, with a heavy claj^ sub-soil containing a considerable 

 amount of lime. In preparing the ground for a vineyard, I would 

 plow very deep and pulverize well. Then I would mark ofif the 

 ground and plant the vines 8x8 feet, always running the rows cross- 

 wise of the hill to prevent washing. In setting the vines, I use a 

 spade to make the holes, which are about one foot deep, one end 

 slanting. I prefer good, strong one year vines, and I place them in 

 a slanting position in the hole, so that the vine will easil}' la}' to the 

 ground. I train them in that wa}'. and we have no difficult}' in lay- 

 ing them down and covering with dirt in the fall. The first year I 

 set a pole about six feet high, which I allow the vine to run up. I 

 allow only one bud to grow. In the fall I cut back to three buds and 

 cover well with dirt, and if the ground has been kept clean from. 

 weeds I put a small forkful of straw or hay over the roots to keep 

 them from killing the first winter. This I consider very important. 



The second year I pjit in my posts and at least one wire, which I 

 train the vines along, allowing only one vine to grow. In the fall I 

 have from two to three feet of vine, and each year lengthen out the 



