464 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 



a slow growth, and it will not be nearly as large in five years 

 as if you had cut the top off. 



Mr. J. O. Barrett: I understand Mr. Elliot to speak of the 

 the tap root. In the old country they make a pavement, either 

 of cement or plank, and carry on dirt, say six inches, and then 

 plant the seeds in that, and the roots are from necessity obliged 

 to spread out horizontally, so there is no difficulty in avoiding 

 that feature. That reminds me of what the Secretary of Agri- 

 culture at Washington wrote to Prof. Northrup(?), of Cornell, who 

 reported it to me, and it will be published in the next edition of 

 my manual. He said, Mr. Morton, the secretary, was in the 

 habit of plucking his walnuts while green and planting them 

 instantly without delay, and in his letter to Mr. Northrop he 

 stated it was a triumphant success. The kernel inside was not 

 dry, and the ground kept the seed in proper condition so that 

 it sprouted very readily. 



Mr. O. M. Lord: I planted a good many walnuts for several 

 years and found no difficulty in making them grow. Probably 

 the best way and easiest way, the cheapest and quickest way, 

 is to pick them up as soon as they fall, then with a plow turn a 

 furrow over, string them through the furrow and cover them 

 with the plow, and they will all come up. Sometimes they will 

 not come up until the second year. I have met with just as 

 good success by gathering them and digging a hole in the 

 ground and planting them, or throwing them on the ground 

 where we are plowing, and plowing them in. 



Mr. Barrett: How deep do you plow them under? 



Mr. Lord: Don't try to turn the furrow more than two inches 

 over them. I have never tried transplanting very large trees, 

 but people have come to my place and taken them away four 

 and five years old, but I have always insisted that they should 

 dig them and plant them immediately to protect them from the 

 wind and sun. You will find several of them in Winona making 

 fine shade trees. For my own transplanting, I prefer to trans- 

 plant them when they are a year old. 



Mr. Dartt: Are your black walnuts all doing well? 



Mr. Lord: Yes, sir; I have trees eight years old that have 

 borne this last season more than a bushel of walnuts, and have 

 borne for three years more or less. 



Mr. Philips: I do not know whether it would be a good idea 

 to put a plank under or not. I had a friend at La Crosse who 

 wanted a butternut tree. He said he understood he must have 

 all the tap root, and he had a place where he wanted to grow 



