466 MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



from the Illinois walnuts killed down to within six inches of 

 the ground, and some of the Minnesota killed back one or two 

 inches. After three or four years I could see no particular 

 difference between the trees from Illinois seed and the Min- 

 nesota seed, but the first year those from Illinois killed back 

 the worst. I have never known the black walnut to winter- 

 kill in Minnesota, no matter where the seed came from. They 

 may freeze down the first winter one-half or two-thirds of the 

 growth, but they will come up again. I can heartily indorse 

 what Mr. Gardner says: "Saw the tree off at the ground when 

 you do the planting, and it will make a tree three or four feet 

 high the first year; and you take another of the same size 

 which you do not saw off, and at the end of four years you will 

 have a great deal larger and better tree from the one you 

 sawed off." 



Mr. A. F. Collman (Iowa): I have quite a large grove on 

 my place — some trees that I bought when quite young and 

 transplanted them. On another place I have several trees. 

 I saved the walnuts in the fall, plowed the ground very 

 nicely, planted them four feet apart each way and stepped 

 on each hill with my heel. Two years after I trans- 

 planted the trees, and those trees that were grown from the 

 nuts are larger than those that were transplanted, and they 

 are the best trees. 



Mr. Wedge: What is the commercial value of the nut? 



Mr. Elliot: About one dollar a bushel. 



Mr. Harris: In Mr. Cummins' paper he mentioned hickory 

 nuts. In a little corner of Minnesota they can be grown so 

 they will be of more commercial value than the apple. I have 

 a tree that has been bearing for thirty-five years, and that tree 

 every alternate year bears more nuts than three families can 

 use. A great many nut trees have come up on my place, and 

 wherever those have commenced bearing I find the nut is 

 larger and finer than those from the old trees that used to be 

 there. At the time I planted my young orchard, I had to cut 

 down some two hundred nut trees. I believe I could have 

 made two dollars out of the nuts where I can make one dollar 

 out of the apples, but it is apples the horticultural society is 

 looking for now and not nuts. I think we can extend the 

 region much further north than nature would indicate they 

 would grow. It is perhaps some other cause than the climate 

 that causes them not to do so well. Any time any members 

 want some nuts, I will send them a small package. 



