THE FISHES OF THE «INGOLF» EXPEDITIONS. 



23 



specimens are scaled on the bell}- and uniformly light brown without marks of transverse bands or 

 design on the fins, the smaller have bands on the fins and partly on the body, but want the scales 

 on the belly. 



Note. It will perhaps be useful to resume how matters stand at present with the synonymy of the species 

 of Lycodes named here. Z. reticulatus is founded by the older Reinhardt (<,F©rste Bidrag til Grenlands ichthyo- 

 logiske Fauna" p. 167, t. VI ) on specimens from Greenland. Collett (1. c. p. 84) refers to the same species the 

 following descriptions: L. polaris Ross. (Spitsbergen), L. potaris Mlmgr. (Ofvers. Vet. Akad. Forh. 1864, p. 516) 

 likewise from Spitsbergen, Z. perspicillum Kr. (from Greenland) and Z. gracilis Sars (from Christianiafjord). In his 

 great work ^Skandinaviens Fiskar" F. Smitt draws the limits of this species still wider, embracing under it not only 

 the type: Reinhardt's Z. reticulatus and Giinther's of the same name (^Challenger" p. 77, pi. XIII; which after 

 my opinion as stated above is a large L. frigidus Coll.!) and the type described by me under the same name from 

 the Kara Sea (gDijmphna" T. 17, fig. 4 — 5) as also the L. perspicillum of Kroyer (regarded also by Collett and 

 myself as a L.reticulatus\ but also L. seminudus Reinhardt from Greenland and Spitsbergen), by Collett (I.e. p. 113, 

 t. IV, f. 28) upheld as a proper species and further Z. Liltkenii Coll. (1. c. p. 103, t. in, fig. 25) a name adopted by 

 me for fishes from the Kara Sea (aDijmphna" p. 128, T. 16, fig. i — 6); and further Beans Z. Turneri from Alaska 

 (Proc. Un. St. Mus. 1,463), and Z. coccincus (I.e. IV, p. 144) and my L. pallidus (^Dijmphna" p. 134, t. 17, fig. i — 3) 

 and finally Z. mucosus Rich. (Belcher p. 362, t. 26) the type of Bleeker's genus Lycodalepis. Of these supposed 

 synonyma the authors of «Oceanic Ichthyology" only cite the ^L. perspicillum Kr.", ^L. Rossii'" Mlgr. and ^L. gracilis 

 Sars" to Z. reticulatus , while they notwithstanding cite (p. 307) a „Z. perspicilluni Kr." as a peculiar type found by 

 the ((Albatross" on depths of 59 and 86 fathoms (45°24'3o" Lat. North, 58°35'i5"Long. West and on 47°2 9'Lat. North, 

 25°i8' Long. West). It must also be noted that ^Z. 7nucosus'", formerly only known from the description and picture 

 by Belcher (,Last of Arctic Voyages" (Northumberland Sound, afterwards found again in Cumberland Sound) is now 

 described and figured in ((Oceanic Ichthyology" (p. 306, t. 78, fig. 273 and t. 81, fig. 283, a, b) after a specimen 

 1 7 inches long from Northumberland Sound. In the work cited are not mentioned the species of Bean, mentioned by 

 Smitt (Z. Turneri and Z. coccincus; the one being from Alaska, the other from (,Big Diomede Island"). I shall 

 further add, that the later paper by H. Gilbert (((The ichthyological collections of the U. S. F. Comm. St. Albatross", 

 1896), containing ((Report of the fishes collected in Bering Sea and the North Pacific Ocean during the summer of 

 1890", describes and figures several new genera and species of the Lycodes tribe, while some other species of 

 Gilbert are named, vi'hose original descriptions are not known to me at present. For me and my collaborator it has 

 been a relief in our task, that the (,Ingolfian" species were well known to us from Scandinavian ichthyological works. 



The Macrurus group. 



It is well known, that no other group of fishes has received such an accession through the 

 deep-sea-investigations as the Macruridse (:<Skol3ests>> or <'Berglax> as they are termed in Scandinavia). 

 They were known in 1872 in 10 — 11 species; in the report of the «Challenger expedition their 

 number is grown to 47, including the species fished by the Northamerican expeditions and published 

 at that period; the French expeditions have added 9 — 10 species, the Indian 12. Counting the .species 

 cited in the Oceanic Ichthyology* I arrive at the number 80, by American and other ichthyologists 

 it is later increased to 94 or more. Through the two <'Ingolf» expeditions there are collected 6 species 

 at least. The difficulty to distinguish species, which after all are very nearly similar, is augmented 

 by the alterations undergone with age by the individuals. My task has been relieved by the « Smith- 

 sonian Institution » having in the most benevolent manner placed at my disposal 5 species of duplicates 



