6 
and the vigor of the plant. The larve when full grown pupate in 
the stalk, usually in the second or third joint from the ground, and 
in from seven to ten days the adult moths of the first generation 
emerge. 
The eggs for the second generation are laid in similar positions 
on the lower leaves or on the stem, and the larve, after feeding for 
a short time on the leaves, go directly to work in the stalk, completing 
their larval growth in the pith of the lower stalk as did the larve 
of the first generation. No damage is done to the upper part of the 
plant by larvee of the second generation. 
By the time the larve of the second generation are full grown 
the corn is rapidly nearing maturity, and, instead of pupating in 
the stalk, they turn downward, penetrate to the extreme lower tip 
of the taproot, and there form a small cavity in which to pass the 
winter. At this time the larvee lose the darker markings of the ear- 
lier forms, and as overwintering larvee are creamy-yellow in color. 
They are plump and active in the fall, but flabby and sluggish after 
fasting throughout the winter. The only way in which the insect 
passes the winter is in the form of this overwintering larva, found 
below the ground in the extreme lower tip of the corn roots. Two 
generations a year appear to be the rule, although it is possible that 
in the far South and on sugar cane a partial third generation may 
occur. 
DESCRIPTIONS. 
Egg—vThe eggs are flat and scalelike, almost circular in outline, 
and are placed in rows or irregularly, overlapping one another 
shingle fashion. From two to twenty-five eggs are laid in one place 
on the underside of a lower leaf or occasionally on the upper side 
and on the stem. Creamy-white when first laid, they gradually 
change to a reddish-brown, and in seven to ten days a minute, bristly, 
reddish caterpillar cracks the shell and crawls out through a narrow 
slit at one end. The eggs are about three one-hundredths of an inch 
(7.6 mm.) long and about two-thirds as wide. After hatching, the 
white papery shells are soon washed off the leaves. 
Larva—tThe larva of the first generation (fig. 1, @) when full 
grown is a robust, dirty-white caterpillar 1 inch in length, thickly 
covered with round or irregular dark spots, each of which bears a 
short, dark bristle. When the larva is small these markings are 
almost contiguous, giving the whole insect a dark color and a hairy 
appearance. The head and thoracic plate of all the stages are 
brownish-yellow. The overwintering larva of the second generation 
(fig. 1, 6, ©) graduaily loses the darker markings of the body and 
after the last molt remains unspotted and light yellow in color, 
except for the head and the thoracic plate, which retain the brownish- 
yellow of the earlier stages. 
[Cir. 116] 
