(? Wes?) 
(857) HorpLoprerus VENTRALIS, Spur-winged Lapwing, repre- 
sents 3rd group. It has a typical spur on the wings. This is sharp 
pointed and is a serviceable weapon, which aids it in offensive and 
defensive business. One or two flips of the wing and the antagonist 
is fairly driven off. If it has’nt drawn blood, the venturesome one 
is sent off rubbing its sides and smarting under the dagger thrusts it 
has received. Such events, however, are rare, most birds have a 
wholesome respect for ventralis. These long legged Lapwings are 
often seen on the banks of Runjeet river. At times higher up, on 
churs formed by the little Runjeet. Ventralis is 12 inches in length ; 
bill black ; irides brown ; legs reddish black. In general appearance, 
a distribution of black and white in most of these Lapwings. Ven- 
tralis has along crest; glossy black on the head, part of the face 
and throat’; white streak behind the eyes ; back and wing coverts 
ashy ; quills black, with portions of white showing; white also on 
some of the wing-coverts; tail white, broadly tipped black ; be- 
neath white, with a black line in the centre ; a patch of white on 
the breast. 
(858) ESACINA RECURVIROSTRIS, Large Stone-nlover, is more 
commonly known as Ganges Lapwing. They are not. found in the 
district. It has a long sub-curved bill, convex in shape. This 
species is 20 inches in length ; wing expanse 36 inches ; bill tipped 
black, the rest yellowish green; irides yellow. The prevailing 
colour is brownish grey ; sides of the head black also tail band, 
parts of the wings, more so at the ends, which take in a few of the 
quills and coverts up to winglets and shoulders ; wings and tail 
broadly. banded with white ; plumage beneath white. They are 
often found on the sea coast, beside big rivers and on sandy chur 
lands. 
Famity HASMATOPODID AE (Sea-plovers) 
Are, found mostly near the coast and fishing villages near the Sea. 
“~~ (860) SrrEpsILAS INTERPRES, Turnstone, is a smallish size bird 
when considered among the ordinary run i waders ; 3 being about 
84 inches long. ° It has a strong, heavy, looking bill, wings long and 
pointed ; tarsus short. It is not common in Bengal. When met 
with it is usually seen hunting for small crabs and insects. 
