MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 23 
to be found in disinfectants. We might approximately decide 
as to this cause by their use. He intended to try on his own 
grounds a solution of potash or strong lye. Carbolic acid 
and other similar disinfectants might be tried with probably 
good effect. ; 
Mr. Stewart has trees with wood ashes thrown around them, 
and they have suffered as much as others. . 
Mr. Gould advised cutting off all diseased branches and 
burning them. 
Mr. Jewell does not profess to know the cause of the blight, 
although he has suffered much from it. His experience with 
it was more in nursery than orchard. Thought the more rapid 
the growth of the tree, the more liable to blight; that the 
disease was transmitted through the atmosphere, and wher- 
ever there was a rupture in the bark of the tree there it 
lodged. The blight attacked some Transcendents 4 or 5 years 
old, and spread rapidly through his nursery. Would keep 
Transcendents and Hyslops from the near proximity of a 
growing nursery, as they are more subject to blight. He also 
notices that trees not pruned suffered less than those closely 
pruned. Had used a tree plow to cut the roots of nursery 
row trees which were badly affected with good ‘success in 
arresting the disease. He inferred that from arresting the 
growth of the tree in this way worked the favorable result. 
The Transcendents and crabs as a class were most subject 
to blight, and in the selection of varieties to plant care should 
be taken as to their kind. Would not recommend setting 
‘Transcendents, and other varieties subject to blight, in same 
orchard with others, as they would be liable to cause it to 
spread among the others. Had top grafted a Hyslop. The 
blight killed the body and the tree is now dead. This liability 
to blight is an objection to using crabs to top work upon, and 
if used for this purpose all sprouts should be keptaway. The 
Montreal Beauty blights worse than any other. 
INSECTS INJURIOUS TO TREES AND FRUITS, AND THE MOST ECO- 
NOMICAL AND EFFICIENT MEANS OF DESTROYING THEM, 
‘Was the next topic taken up. 
Mr. Brand considered the best way to destroy the aphis was 
to watch them carefully as they appeared upon the top leaves, 
and destroy by rubbing between the hands. If left two weeks 
they will spread rapidly. He suffered much the past season 
from the borer. By close examivation he had been able to 
detect their first appearance by the incisions made by the 
perfect insect in depositing the eggs, and the best way to de- 
stroy them was to crush the eggs by a pressure on the bark. 
