MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 37 
in Minnesota. In the whole place there was but one bearing 
tree left, and that was a Duchess. 
Mr. Hoffman said that on digging some Duchess that looked 
feeble he found that the roots thoy were grafted on were dead, 
and their life was supported simply by roots that sprouted 
from the scion. : 
Mr. Carter, of St. Peter, said a neighbor lost several Duchess, 
ten years, while the younger trees were not hurt. Mr. Knight’s 
fine Red Ash are dead. . 
Mr. Ford, St. Paul, said he dug along the rows of Tran- 
scendents and found them good, while the Duchess near by 
were dead. . 
_ Mr. Stubbs, Long Lake, said in his locality there was scarcely 
an old Duchess that passed through the winter without injury 
and most of them were destroyed. He planted ten trees ten 
years ago that were bearing, and every one is now dead or 
nearly so, but he believed the trouble was from root killing. 
Col. Stevens suggested mulching as the best preventive of 
root killing. 
Mr. Morrison said that Mr. Ford had set out twenty Duchess 
trees for him and warranted them to be hardy, but they had 
all died after bearing a little. So had some green gage plum 
trees all killed. . 
Mr. Gould, Excelsior, thought this variety should be placed 
first onthe list. Any tree that passed through last winter, 
with branches above the snow uninjured, had had a sufficient 
test. He could show any one 1,000 trees on south shore of 
Lake Minnetonka, seven and eight years old, in good condi- 
tion for a crop of fruit next year. 
Thomas Moulton, of St. Anthony, had 250 trees, four to 
seven years old. They stood on ground not cultivated, both 
sand and clay ; 75 of them bore last year. Had 1,000 three 
years old, and those that suffered most were where the snow 
was from three to four feet deep. Had seen Transcendents 
top and bottom killed. 
Mr. Hoffman said it looked very much as if two varieties of 
Duchess had been planted out ; one died, the other lived. 
The President said he had had the Duchess planted since 
1861, and had never lost but one tree. 
Moved by Mr. Ford and seconded by Mr. Jewell—* That 
‘in favorable localities’ be added to the resolution to adopt.” 
Motion lost. 
The original motion was carried, Mr. Ford voting No. 
TETOFSKY. 
Mr. Ford said his experience with the large apples was 
that they had better be dug up and destroyed. 
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