MINNESOTA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 71 
whether the mercury be 10°—15°, or 850—40°¢ below zero A root 
that will stand in the one case will stand in the other, and therefore 
I am not so particular about what roots I graft on. 
Deep Planting. 
Take nature for my guide as to dept to set trees. Set a little 
deeper than they stood in the nursery. Don’t want to set down in 
coarse, cold soil. There the roots spread near the surface, while 
only in loamy soil do they strike downward. 
Mr. Jewell :—We do not follow nature in most respects. Itis by 
a departure from nature that we attain desirable results. 
Moved by Mr. Elliot, and carried, that no one be allowed to speak 
more than five minutes on any one question. 
Mr. Scott would like to have the sense of the meeting as to his 
question, deep and shallow planting. Would like to know also, 
any one has noticed the difference in this respect. between trees 
growing naturally here and in the Eastern States? 
Mr. Tuttle :—At the root is one form in which trees kill. In 
1869 the trees were injured by cracking of the bark near the sur- 
face of the ground. In ’72-3 trees were killed at the root, and in 
°*73—4 at the top. It is desirable to set deeper than we now do, but 
12-18 inches is questionable. Mulching will do if attended'to. A 
good method of protection is to throw soil up about the trunk be- 
fore freezing, and mulch after ground has frozen 5 or 6 inches deep, 
Cannot then always secure the tree, because they sometimes kill at 
the top. 
It was moved to recommend planting trees 6-12 inches deeper 
than they stood in the nursery. 
Mr. Harris :—I cannot do so on my clay soil. 
Mr. Dartt offered to amend so as to read two inches on heavy 
soils and four inches on light soils. 
Mr. Jewell likes the discrimination, but four inches is not enough 
on light soil. 
Mr. Dartt :—Two inches on heavy soil is all that is safe, and four 
inches will do for light soil. 
Mr. Bunnell :—If the tree requires moisture, as I believe, to keep 
from root-killing, why not set deep where the roots will find it? 
Mr. Pearce :—Would set 1—4 inches deep according to the size of 
the tree and support with a stake. Set as early as possible. 
Mr. Jordan :—Should plant 8-10 inches deep on clay soil. Would 
favor recommending setting 2-18 inches deeper. 
Mr. Hart :—The nurserymen want us to plant deep so they may 
